Laboratório de Química Analítica e Ecotoxicologia (LAEC), Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. Dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Laboratório de Química Analítica e Ecotoxicologia (LAEC), Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. Dos Portugueses, 1966, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Dec;255(Pt 1):112988. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112988. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Fouling organisms attach and grow on submerged surfaces causing several economic losses. Thus, biocides have been introduced in antifouling paints in order to avoid this phenomenon, but their widespread use became a global problem, mainly in ports, leisure and fishing boat harbors, since these substances can be highly toxic to non-target organisms. The occurrence and environmental behavior of antifouling biocides are especially unknown in some peculiar regions, such as Amazon areas. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate, for the first time, levels and the partitioning behavior of the antifouling organic biocides irgarol, diuron and also stable degradation products of dichlofluanid and diuron (DMSA and DCPMU, respectively) in sediments and porewaters from a high boat traffic area located in the Northeast of Brazil, a pre-Amazon region. Our results showed high concentrations of irgarol (<1.0-89.7 μg kg) and diuron (<5.0-55.2 μg kg) in sediments. In porewater, DCPMU (<0.03-0.67 μg L) and DMSA (<0.008-0.263 μg L) were the mainly substances detected. High K and K obtained for both irgarol and diuron showed a partitioning preference in the solid phase. This work represents one of the few registers of contamination by antifouling substances in Amazonian areas, despite their environmental relevance.
附着生物附着并生长在水下表面，造成了一些经济损失。因此，杀生物剂已被引入防污涂料中，以避免这种现象，但它们的广泛使用成为了一个全球性问题，尤其是在港口、休闲和渔船码头，因为这些物质对非目标生物可能具有高度毒性。防污生物杀生物剂的出现和环境行为在一些特殊地区，如亚马逊地区，尤其未知。因此，这项工作的目的是首次评估在巴西东北部一个高船运区的沉积物和孔隙水中，防污有机生物杀生物剂 Irgarol、Diuron 以及双氯芬酸和 Diuron 的稳定降解产物（分别为 DMSA 和 DCPMU）的水平和分配行为。我们的结果表明，沉积物中 Irgarol（<1.0-89.7μg/kg）和 Diuron（<5.0-55.2μg/kg）的浓度较高。在孔隙水中，主要检测到 DCPMU（<0.03-0.67μg/L）和 DMSA（<0.008-0.263μg/L）。Irgarol 和 Diuron 的高 K 和 K 值表明它们在固相中有分配偏好。尽管防污物质在亚马逊地区具有重要的环境意义，但这是该地区为数不多的防污物质污染记录之一。
