MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Center for Enviornmental Health Risk Assessment and Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Dec 15;185:109666. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109666. Epub 2019 Sep 19.
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a type of persistent organic pollutants that are widely distributed in multiple environmental media and organisms and have a teratogenic effect on and toxicity to animals and humans. The residual levels of seventeen PFAAs in the tissues of two regular consumption fish species, Culter erythropterus and Aristichthys nobilis in Lake Chaohu were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatograph - mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS). The distributions of PFAAs and the effect of the lipid contents were analyzed, and the health risks of typical PFAAs were evaluated. The results showed that perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) was the predominant contaminant (80.50 ± 58.31 ng/g and 19.17 ± 12.57 ng/g wet weight, ww), followed by perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (55.02 ± 34.82 and 14.79 ± 6.24 ng/g, ww) in both fish. The level of total PFAAs was the highest in the liver tissues of Culter erythropterus (359.87 ng/g, ww) and the lowest in the kidney tissues in A. nobilis (10.06 ng/g, ww). Due to the higher trophic level of C. erythropteru, the total PFAA concentrations were significantly higher in all tissues than those in A. nobilis. Liver muscle ratio of C. erythropteru was the highest, indicating the most accumulation in the liver. The concentrations of PFAAs in fish tissues were influenced by the lipid content, resulting in a difference between the lipid-normalized concentrations and the wet weight concentrations of the PFAAs. The non-carcinogenic risks of PFOS were higher than those of PFOA through the ingestion of C. erythropterus and A. nobilis. Both the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of C. erythropterus were greater than those of A. nobilis, and fish tissue intake could cause an increasing of risks up to 60%, indicating that long-term and large amount ingestion of carnivorous fish and related tissues with higher trophic level, such as C. erythropterus should be avoided.
全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）是一种广泛分布于多种环境介质和生物体内的持久性有机污染物，对动物和人类具有致畸作用和毒性。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪（HPLC-MS）测定了巢湖两种常规食用鱼类（翘嘴红鲌和草鱼）组织中十七种 PFAAs 的残留水平。分析了 PFAAs 的分布及脂类含量的影响，并评价了典型 PFAAs 的健康风险。结果表明，全氟己酸（PFHxA）是主要污染物（80.50±58.31ng/g 和 19.17±12.57ng/g 湿重，ww），其次是全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）（55.02±34.82ng/g 和 14.79±6.24ng/g，ww）。两种鱼的肝组织中总 PFAAs 含量最高（翘嘴红鲌 359.87ng/g，ww），肾脏组织中最低（草鱼 10.06ng/g，ww）。由于翘嘴红鲌的营养级较高，所有组织中的总 PFAA 浓度均明显高于草鱼。翘嘴红鲌肝肌肉比最高，表明肝脏积累最多。鱼组织中 PFAAs 的浓度受脂类含量的影响，导致 PFAAs 的脂类归一浓度与湿重浓度存在差异。通过摄入翘嘴红鲌和草鱼，PFOS 的非致癌风险高于 PFOA。翘嘴红鲌的致癌和非致癌风险均大于草鱼，鱼类组织摄入会导致风险增加 60%，表明长期大量摄入翘嘴红鲌等肉食性鱼类和相关组织，尤其是具有较高营养级的鱼类，可能会增加健康风险。
