Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-Ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-739, South Korea.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Jan;277(1):135-140. doi: 10.1007/s00405-019-05656-6. Epub 2019 Sep 21.
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been considered as an effective and safe alternative to the subcutaneous route. However, different modalities and administration methods may lead to significant changes in their adherence and clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare the adherence, efficacy, and side effects of SLIT medicines: SLITone, Lais, and Staloral.
Eighty-two patients suffering from AR symptoms and sensitized only to house dust mite allergens were included. The patients were treated with SLITone, Lais, or Staloral. Treatment outcomes related to efficacy, dropout rate, and adverse events were evaluated. The visual analogue scale (VAS) including sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and itching was scored from 0 (normal) to 10 (severe), before and after SLIT. Dropout rate was defined as the number of patients who discontinue SLIT of oneself compared to the number of patients who receive SLIT.
All of the nasal symptoms and total symptom scores were significantly decreased in SLITone, Lais, and Staloral. Furthermore, there were significant difference in the improvement of rhinorrhea and TNSS between SLITone and Staloral group (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001, respectively). Four patients out of 26 in SLITone group, 4 patients out of 30 in Lais group, and 11 patients out of 26 in Staloral group have stopped SLIT of themselves. The dropout rate was significantly higher in the Staloral group than other two groups (p = 0.024). Only one patient complained adverse reaction such as swelling of mouth floor in the Staloral group.
Although all three SLIT medicines are effective in improving AR symptoms, the adherence to SLIT assessed in accordance with dropout rate was the lowest in the Staloral.
舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）已被认为是皮下途径的有效和安全替代方法。然而，不同的方式和给药方法可能导致其依从性和临床结果发生显著变化。本研究的目的是比较 SLIT 药物：SLITone、Lais 和 Staloral 的依从性、疗效和副作用。
纳入 82 例仅对屋尘螨过敏的 AR 症状患者。患者接受 SLITone、Lais 或 Staloral 治疗。评估疗效、脱落率和不良反应相关的治疗结果。使用视觉模拟评分（VAS）评估打喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞和瘙痒，分值为 0（正常）至 10（严重），在 SLIT 前后进行评分。脱落率定义为自行停止 SLIT 的患者数与接受 SLIT 的患者数之比。
SLITone、Lais 和 Staloral 均可显著降低所有鼻部症状和总症状评分。此外，SLITone 和 Staloral 组在改善流涕和 TNSS 方面有显著差异（p=0.011 和 p=0.001）。SLITone 组有 4 例（26 例中的 4 例）、Lais 组有 4 例（30 例中的 4 例）和 Staloral 组有 11 例（26 例中的 11 例）患者自行停止 SLIT。Staloral 组的脱落率明显高于其他两组（p=0.024）。仅 1 例患者在 Staloral 组出现不良反应，如口腔底部肿胀。
虽然三种 SLIT 药物均能有效改善 AR 症状，但根据脱落率评估的 SLIT 依从性在 Staloral 中最低。
