Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Health Promotion & Kinesiology, College of Health Sciences, Texas Woman's University , Denton , TX , USA.
Sports Biomech. 2019 Dec;18(6):663-685. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1629617.
The golfer's body (trunk/arms/club) can be modeled as an inclined axle-chain system and the rotations of its parts observed on the functional swing plane (FSP) can represent the actual angular motions closely. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pelvis-shoulders torsional separation style on the kinematic sequences employed by the axle-chain system in golf driving. Seventy-four male skilled golfers (handicap ≤ 3) were assigned to five groups based on their shoulder girdle motion and X-factor stretch characteristics: Late Shoulder Acceleration, Large Downswing Stretch, Large Backswing Stretch, Medium Total Stretch, and Small Total Stretch. Swing trials were captured by an optical system and the hip-line, thorax, shoulder-line, upper-lever, club, and wrist angular positions/velocities were calculated on the FSP. Kinematic sequences were established based on the timings of the peak angular velocities (backswing and downswing sequences) and the backswing-to-downswing transition time points (transition sequence). The backswing and transition sequences were somewhat consistent across the groups, showing full or partial proximal-to-distal sequences with minor variations. The downswing sequence was inconsistent across the groups and the angular velocity peaks of the body segments were not significantly separated. Various swing characteristics associated with the separation styles influenced the motion sequences.
高尔夫球手的身体（躯干/手臂/球杆）可以被建模为一个倾斜的轴链系统，其各部分在功能挥杆平面（FSP）上的旋转可以很好地代表实际的角运动。本研究的目的是探讨骨盆-肩部扭转分离方式对高尔夫挥杆中轴链系统运动序列的影响。根据肩部运动和 X 因子伸展特征，将 74 名男性熟练高尔夫球手（差点≤3）分为五组：肩部后期加速、大下杆伸展、大上杆伸展、中总伸展和小总伸展。通过光学系统捕捉挥杆试验，在 FSP 上计算髋线、胸、肩线、上杆、球杆和手腕的角度位置/速度。根据最大角速度的时间（上杆和下杆序列）和上杆到下杆的过渡时间点（过渡序列）建立运动序列。各组之间的上杆和过渡序列有些一致，表现出完全或部分近端到远端的序列，只有微小的变化。下杆序列在各组之间不一致，身体各部位的角速度峰值没有明显分离。与分离方式相关的各种挥杆特征影响了运动序列。
