Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah (AURAK), Ras Al Khaimah 10021, UAE.
Cells. 2019 Sep 22;8(10):1125. doi: 10.3390/cells8101125.
Siglecs (Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins) are a I-type lectin that typically binds sialic acid. Siglecs are predominantly expressed in immune cells and generate activating or inhibitory signals. They are also shown to be expressed on the surface of cells in the nervous system and have been shown to play central roles in neuroinflammation. There has been a plethora of reviews outlining the studies pertaining to Siglecs in immune cells. However, this review aims to compile the articles on the role of Siglecs in brain function and neurological disorders. In humans, the most abundant Siglecs are CD33 (Siglec-3), Siglec-4 (myelin-associated glycoprotein/MAG), and Siglec-11, Whereas in mice the most abundant are Siglec-1 (sialoadhesin), Siglec-2 (CD22), Siglec-E, Siglec-F, and Siglec-H. This review is divided into three parts. Firstly, we discuss the general biological aspects of Siglecs that are expressed in nervous tissue. Secondly, we discuss about the role of Siglecs in brain function and molecular mechanism for their function. Finally, we collate the available information on Siglecs and neurological disorders. It is intriguing to study this family of proteins in neurological disorders because they carry immunoinhibitory and immunoactivating motifs that can be vital in neuroinflammation.
唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白型凝集素（Siglecs）是一种 I 型凝集素，通常与唾液酸结合。Siglecs 主要在免疫细胞中表达，并产生激活或抑制信号。它们也在神经系统细胞表面表达，并被证明在神经炎症中发挥核心作用。已经有大量的综述概述了 Siglecs 在免疫细胞中的研究。然而，本综述旨在汇编关于 Siglecs 在大脑功能和神经障碍中的作用的文章。在人类中，最丰富的 Siglecs 是 CD33（Siglec-3）、Siglec-4（髓鞘相关糖蛋白/MAG）和 Siglec-11，而在小鼠中最丰富的是 Siglec-1（唾液酸结合蛋白）、Siglec-2（CD22）、Siglec-E、Siglec-F 和 Siglec-H。本综述分为三部分。首先，我们讨论了在神经组织中表达的 Siglecs 的一般生物学方面。其次，我们讨论了 Siglecs 在大脑功能中的作用及其功能的分子机制。最后，我们整理了有关 Siglecs 和神经障碍的现有信息。研究神经障碍中的这些蛋白质家族非常有趣，因为它们携带免疫抑制和免疫激活的基序，这在神经炎症中可能至关重要。
