神经生物学机制的社会认知治疗在高功能自闭症谱系障碍的成年人。
Neurobiological mechanisms of social cognition treatment in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder.
机构信息
Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin14195, Germany.
Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin14195, Germany.
出版信息
Psychol Med. 2020 Oct;50(14):2374-2384. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002472. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
BACKGROUND
The promise of precision medicine for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) hinges on developing neuroscience-informed individualized interventions. Taking an important step in this direction, we investigated neuroplasticity in response to an ecologically-valid, computer-based social-cognitive training (SCOTT).
METHODS
In an active control group design, 48 adults with ASD were randomly assigned to a 3-month SCOTT or non-social computer training. Participants completed behavioral tasks, a functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging session before and after the training period.
RESULTS
The SCOTT group showed social-cognitive improvements on close and distant generalization tasks. The improvements scaled with reductions in functional activity and increases in cortical thickness in prefrontal regions.
CONCLUSION
In sum, we provide evidence for the sensitivity of neuroscientific methods to reflect training-induced social-cognitive improvements in adults with ASD. These results encourage the use of neuroimaging data to describe and quantify treatment-related changes more broadly.
背景
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）精准医学的前景取决于开发以神经科学为依据的个性化干预措施。我们朝着这个方向迈出了重要的一步，研究了对基于计算机的生态有效的社会认知训练（SCOTT）的神经可塑性。
方法
在一项积极的对照组设计中，48 名 ASD 成人被随机分配到为期 3 个月的 SCOTT 或非社交计算机训练。参与者在训练前后完成了行为任务和功能及结构磁共振成像检查。
结果
SCOTT 组在近距离和远距离泛化任务中表现出社会认知的改善。这些改善与前额叶区域的功能活动减少和皮质厚度增加相关。
结论
总之，我们提供了神经科学方法敏感性的证据，以反映 ASD 成人的训练诱导的社会认知改善。这些结果鼓励使用神经影像学数据更广泛地描述和量化与治疗相关的变化。
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