Maravilla K R, Neuwelt E A, Diehl J T
Neurosurgery. 1979 Sep;5(3):389-406.
Metrizamide (Amipaque) is a new water-soluble contrast agent for use in the intrathecal space. Extensive animal and clinical studies have demonstrated its low toxicity. The advantages to the use of metrizamide include the fact that it is miscible with cerebrospinal fluid and can fill narrow spaces, is sufficiently radiopaque to outline delicate structures within the central nervous system, is completely resorbed from the subarachnoid space, and, to date, has not been implicated in the formation of adhesive arachnoiditis. Application of metrizamide to the evaluation of neurologically diseased patients has included myelography, intracranial cisternography, and ventriculography, as well as various techniques in conjunction with computerized tomography. These various uses of metrizamide are discussed together with some indications and advantages. Metrizamide has now replaced Pantopaque and gas as the most commonly used intrathecal contrast agent at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas.
甲泛葡胺（阿米培克）是一种用于鞘内注射的新型水溶性造影剂。大量的动物和临床研究已证明其毒性较低。使用甲泛葡胺的优点包括：它可与脑脊液混溶并能填充狭窄间隙；具有足够的放射不透性以勾勒出中枢神经系统内的精细结构；能从蛛网膜下腔完全吸收，并且迄今为止，尚未发现它与粘连性蛛网膜炎的形成有关。甲泛葡胺在神经疾病患者评估中的应用包括脊髓造影、颅内脑池造影、脑室造影，以及与计算机断层扫描相结合的各种技术。本文将对甲泛葡胺的这些不同用途以及一些适应证和优点进行讨论。在达拉斯的德克萨斯大学健康科学中心，甲泛葡胺现已取代碘苯酯和气体，成为最常用的鞘内造影剂。
