Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Product and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Product and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2019 Dec;36(12):1837-1846. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1668968. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
Perchlorate is a low molecular weight highly soluble anion. It occurs naturally in the environment, primarily near potash deposits and in arid regions. The determination of perchlorate in human milk is of interest in vulnerable populations such as infants and pregnant women. In this study, a sensitive and selective isotope dilution ion chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (ID IC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of perchlorate in human milk samples collected from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.27 µg·kg for human milk. A total of 439 human milk samples were analysed with measurable levels of perchlorate in most of the milk samples, and the mean value was 7.62 ± 32.7 µg·kg. This project provided important information related to perchlorate levels in human milk collected across Canada and the extent to which pregnant women and their infants may be exposed to perchlorate. A dietary exposure assessment was also conducted in infants based on the measured values in human milk. The mean perchlorate probable daily intakes (PDIs) for infants consuming human milk were 0.31 ± 0.07 μg/kg bw/day for infants under 1 year and 0.17 ± 0.10 μg/kg bw/day for infants between 1 and 3 years old. None of the estimates exceeded the FAO/WHO provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 10 μg/kg bw/day.
高氯酸盐是一种低分子量、高水溶性的阴离子。它在自然界中存在，主要存在于钾盐矿床附近和干旱地区。在易受伤害的人群（如婴儿和孕妇）中，测定人乳中的高氯酸盐含量很有意义。在本研究中，开发并验证了一种用于测定 Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals（MIREC）研究中采集的人乳样品中高氯酸盐的灵敏和选择性同位素稀释离子色谱/串联质谱（ID IC-MS/MS）方法。该方法的检测限（LOD）为人乳中的 0.27µg·kg。共分析了 439 个人乳样本，其中大多数样本中均可检测到高氯酸盐，平均值为 7.62±32.7µg·kg。该项目提供了有关在加拿大各地采集的人乳中高氯酸盐水平的重要信息，以及孕妇及其婴儿可能接触高氯酸盐的程度。还根据人乳中的实测值对婴儿进行了饮食暴露评估。食用人乳的婴儿的高氯酸盐每日可能摄入量（PDI）平均值为 1 岁以下婴儿 0.31±0.07μg/kg bw/day，1 至 3 岁婴儿 0.17±0.10μg/kg bw/day。这些估计值均未超过 FAO/WHO 暂定最大耐受每日摄入量（PMTDI）10μg/kg bw/day。
