Rehman Tanveer, Sulgante Sudheera, Sekhar Sitanshu Kar
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry - 605008, India. Email:
J Inj Violence Res. 2020 Jan;12(1):1-10. doi: 10.5249/jivr.v12i1.1182. Epub 2019 Sep 28.
Injuries constitute around 16% of the total disease burden in India with respect to Disability-Adjusted Life Years. More than two third of these injuries are unintentional and occur at household level. Domestic accidents are preventive and can be drastically reduced by effective measures and safety consciousness. This study aims to find the prevalence of domestic accidents, the household safety practices and their association with socio demographic factors in selected urban wards of Puducherry.
A population-based cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the service area of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Urban Health Centre, Puducherry, in June 2018. Data regarding self-reported domestic accidents in the last one year were collected using a structured questionnaire and assessment of household hazards was done after examining the houses.
Among the 578 randomly selected households, 393(68%) belonged to nuclear families, 486(84%) had pucca houses and in 339(59%) overcrowding was present. 59(10.2%) households reported domestic accidents - of which 25(42%) had adult victims, 22(37%) were due to falls, 27(45%) had upper limb injuries and 25(43%) occurred in kitchen. On assessment of safety practices, 121(21%) houses had doors with stoppers, 394(68%) had items scattered on living room floor while 128(24%) and 160(30%) had grab bars and doormat in bathrooms respectively. Domestic accidents were more prevalent among overcrowded households - Prevalence Ratio: 1.74 ([95% CI: 1.02 - 2.98], p = 0.04).
The prevalence of domestic accidents was 10.2% in the present study. It was reported mostly among the adults and in the kitchen, with falls being the most common cause and upper limbs injury being commonest. Most of the houses had objects lying scattered on the floor hindering movement; and stoppers and grab bars were missing from the doors and bathrooms respectively. Overcrowding was significantly associated with domestic accidents.
就伤残调整生命年而言，伤害占印度疾病总负担的16%左右。其中超过三分之二的伤害是意外伤害，且发生在家中。家庭事故是可以预防的，通过有效措施和安全意识可大幅减少。本研究旨在查明本地治里选定城市街区家庭事故的患病率、家庭安全措施及其与社会人口因素的关联。
2018年6月，在本地治里贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁研究生医学教育与研究城市健康中心的服务区开展了一项基于人群的横断面分析研究。使用结构化问卷收集过去一年自我报告的家庭事故数据，并在检查房屋后评估家庭危险情况。
在随机抽取的578户家庭中，393户（68%）属于核心家庭，486户（84%）有永久性住房，339户（59%）存在过度拥挤情况。59户（10.2%）家庭报告发生了家庭事故，其中25户（42%）有成年受害者，22起（37%）是跌倒所致，27起（45%）造成上肢受伤，25起（43%）发生在厨房。在评估安全措施时，121户（21%）房屋的门有门阻器，394户（68%）客厅地板上有物品散落，128户（24%）和160户（30%）浴室分别有扶手和防滑垫。家庭事故在过度拥挤的家庭中更为普遍，患病率比为1.74（[95%置信区间：1.02 - 2.98]，p = 0.04）。
本研究中家庭事故的患病率为10.2%。事故大多发生在成年人中且发生在厨房，跌倒为最常见原因，上肢受伤最为普遍。大多数房屋地板上有物品散落妨碍行动，门和浴室分别缺少门阻器和扶手。过度拥挤与家庭事故显著相关。
