Bhanderi Dinesh J, Choudhary Sushilkumar
Department of Community Medicine, P.S. Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2008 Apr;33(2):104-6. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.40878.
Domestic accidents are worldwide public health problems. The consequences of a domestic accident may prove disastrous as it may result in disability and loss of productivity. In this context, the present study was carried out to characterize the occurrence of domestic accidents in a semi-urban community.
To study the incidence of domestic accident in a semi-urban community and its association with various epidemiological factors.
Community-based cross-sectional study of 796 households consisting of 4086 individuals residing in a semi-urban area.
Complete information from 796 households consisting of 4086 individuals was collected through semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Domestic accident was considered when any of these individuals had met with an accident inside the house or in the immediate surroundings of the house during the last 6 months from the date of survey. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed.
Simple proportions and Chi-squared test.
The incidence of domestic accidents was found to be 1.7%. The most common accident reported was fall. Occurrence of falls was found to be associated with age and overcrowding. Other accidents noted were burns, scalds, electrocution, injuries and accidental poisoning. Accidents were reported in significantly higher proportion in extreme age groups and in females. Higher proportion of accidents occurred during the morning and evening hours. About 10.1% were treated at home, 72.5% as outdoor patients and 17.4% as indoor patients. The mean duration of hospital stay was found to be 2 weeks. Full recovery was observed in 82.6% cases, whereas permanent disability was found in only 2.9% subjects, while 14.5% reported chronic pain after the accident. No death related to domestic accident was reported in the present study.
Domestic accidents are more common in extreme age groups and in females. The reasons may be the higher amount of time spent at home and greater participation in daily home activities. Falls being the most frequent type of accidents, proper designing of house and adequate illumination may help in reducing their occurrence, as the majority of accidents occurred during the morning and evening hours in our study.
家庭事故是全球性的公共卫生问题。家庭事故的后果可能是灾难性的，因为它可能导致残疾和生产力丧失。在此背景下，本研究旨在描述一个半城市社区家庭事故的发生情况。
研究半城市社区家庭事故的发生率及其与各种流行病学因素的关联。
对居住在半城市地区的796户家庭、共4086人进行基于社区的横断面研究。
通过半结构化、预先测试的问卷收集了796户家庭、共4086人的完整信息。从调查日期起的过去6个月内，若这些人中的任何一人在屋内或房屋紧邻区域发生事故，则视为家庭事故。对收集到的数据进行制表和分析。
简单比例和卡方检验。
发现家庭事故的发生率为1.7%。报告的最常见事故是跌倒。发现跌倒的发生与年龄和过度拥挤有关。其他注意到的事故有烧伤、烫伤、触电、受伤和意外中毒。极端年龄组和女性报告的事故比例显著更高。事故在上午和晚上发生的比例更高。约10.1%的患者在家接受治疗，72.5%为门诊患者，17.4%为住院患者。发现平均住院时间为2周。82.6%的病例完全康复，而仅2.9%的受试者有永久性残疾，14.5%的人在事故后报告有慢性疼痛。本研究中未报告与家庭事故相关的死亡。
家庭事故在极端年龄组和女性中更为常见。原因可能是在家中花费的时间更多以及更多地参与日常家庭活动。跌倒是最常见的事故类型，由于在我们的研究中大多数事故发生在上午和晚上，合理设计房屋和充足照明可能有助于减少其发生。
