School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Inverness, United Kingdom.
Cardiol J. 2021;28(5):697-706. doi: 10.5603/CJ.a2019.0091. Epub 2019 Sep 30.
Cardiac disease requires ongoing active management which may include attendance at formal cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and increased physical activity (PA). However, uptake rates are sub-optimal. This study aimed to identify factors associated with attendance at CR and PA in a rural Scottish population.
A cross-sectional postal survey assessing factors potentially associated with attending CR and participating in PA. Data were also collected from hospital electronic medical records. Binary logistic and ordinal regressions were used to identify barriers and facilitators to participation.
The cohort consisted of 840 participants referred to the CR department of a regional Scottish hospital. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 567 patients were sent a questionnaire. The number of returned questionnaires was 295 (52.0%). Responders were predominantly male (75.9%), with a mean age of 68.7 years. At the multivariate level, the only factor associated with CR attendance was a lack of perceived need (odds ratio [OR] 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.06). Analyses of PA associations identified self-efficacy as the only significant facilitator (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.59), and a lack of willpower as the only barrier (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.97). Other factors were linked to CR attendance and PA at a univariate level only.
This study characterised CR and PA participation, and explored demographic, medical, and psychological factors associated with both activities - with the most important being perceived need, self-efficacy and willpower. These findings may be beneficial in clinical practice by targeting these factors to increase CR attendance and PA levels.
心脏病需要持续的积极管理，其中可能包括参加正式的心脏康复（CR）和增加身体活动（PA）。然而，参与率并不理想。本研究旨在确定与苏格兰农村人口参加 CR 和进行 PA 相关的因素。
这是一项横断面邮寄调查，评估了可能与参加 CR 和参与 PA 相关的因素。数据还从医院电子病历中收集。使用二项逻辑回归和有序回归来确定参与的障碍和促进因素。
该队列由苏格兰一家地区医院 CR 部门转诊的 840 名参与者组成。在应用纳入/排除标准后，向 567 名患者发送了一份问卷。共收回问卷 295 份（52.0%）。应答者主要为男性（75.9%），平均年龄为 68.7 岁。在多变量水平上，唯一与 CR 参与相关的因素是缺乏感知需求（比值比 [OR] 0.02，95%置信区间 [CI] 0.01-0.06）。PA 关联分析确定自我效能感是唯一显著的促进因素（OR 1.29，95% CI 1.05-1.59），缺乏意志力是唯一的障碍（OR 0.42，95% CI 0.18-0.97）。其他因素仅在单变量水平上与 CR 参与和 PA 相关。
本研究描述了 CR 和 PA 的参与情况，并探讨了与这两种活动相关的人口统计学、医学和心理因素——最重要的是感知需求、自我效能感和意志力。这些发现可能有助于临床实践，通过针对这些因素来提高 CR 参与率和 PA 水平。
