Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Health Syst Reform. 2020;6(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/23288604.2019.1625498. Epub 2019 Sep 30.
Thailand is the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to be validated by the World Health Organization as having eliminated mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The Thai government made health-and specifically addressing the HIV/AIDS crisis-a political priority. The Thailand experience, from the emergence of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s through the present, provides an important case study of successful MTCT elimination. To eliminate MTCT requires that health interventions reach those who are hardest to reach: the poorest of the poor, geographically distant and rural, and marginalized. This policy report highlights key factors for successfully reaching the hard to reach in Thailand, including the importance of national public policy as well as investments in health care infrastructure, such as access to antenatal care, the creation of effective monitoring and surveillance systems, and strengthening local health capacity. Increased availability and affordability of antiretroviral therapies was also critical to Thailand's success in addressing MTCT. The Thailand case offers important policy lessons for achieving universal health. This policy report draws on secondary research and key informant interviews in Thailand to highlight factors for success in eliminating MTCT of HIV.
泰国是亚太地区第一个获得世界卫生组织认证的国家，成功消除了母婴传播艾滋病毒（MTCT）。泰国政府将健康——特别是解决艾滋病毒/艾滋病危机——作为政治优先事项。从 20 世纪 80 年代艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情出现到现在，泰国的经验为成功消除母婴传播提供了一个重要的案例研究。要消除母婴传播，就必须让卫生干预措施覆盖到最难接触到的人群：最贫穷的穷人、地处偏远和农村地区的人群以及处于社会边缘地位的人群。本政策报告强调了在泰国成功接触到难以接触到的人群的关键因素，包括国家公共政策的重要性以及对医疗保健基础设施的投资，例如获得产前护理、建立有效的监测和监督系统以及加强地方卫生能力。提高抗逆转录病毒疗法的可及性和可负担性对泰国成功解决母婴传播问题也至关重要。泰国的案例为实现全民健康提供了重要的政策经验。本政策报告借鉴了泰国的二手研究和关键知情者访谈，突出了消除艾滋病毒母婴传播的成功因素。
