Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 85000 Ciudad Obregón, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 27;11(10):2303. doi: 10.3390/nu11102303.
The ultimate health benefits of peanuts and tree nuts partially depend on the effective gastrointestinal delivery of their phytochemicals. The chemical composition and in vitro bioaccessibility of tocopherols, tocotrienols and phenolic compounds from peanuts and seven tree nuts were evaluated by analytical and chemometric methods. Total fat and dietary fiber (g 100 g) ranged from 34.2 (Emory oak acorn) to 72.5 (pink pine nut; PPN) and from 1.2 (PPN) to 22.5 (pistachio). Samples were rich in oleic and linoleic acids (56-87 g 100 g oil). Tocopherols and tocotrienols (mg·kg) ranged from 48.1 (peanut) to 156.3 (almond) and 0 (almond, pecan) to 22.1 (PPN) and hydrophilic phenolics from 533 (PPN) to 12,896 (Emory oak acorn); flavonoids and condensed tannins (mg CE.100 g) ranged from 142 (white pine nut) to 1833 (Emory oak acorn) and 14 (PPN) to 460 (Emory oak acorn). Three principal components explained 90% of the variance associated with the diversity of antioxidant phytochemicals in samples. In vitro bioaccessibility of tocopherols, tocotrienols, hydrophilic phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins ranged from 11-51%, 16-79%, 25-55%, 0-100%, and 0-94%, respectively. Multiple regression analyses revealed a potential influence of dietary fiber, fats and/or unsaturated fatty acids on phytochemical bioaccessibility, in a structure-specific manner.
花生和树坚果的最终健康益处部分取决于其植物化学物质在胃肠道中的有效传递。通过分析和化学计量学方法评估了花生和七种树坚果中生育酚、三烯生育酚和酚类化合物的化学组成和体外生物利用度。总脂肪和膳食纤维（g/100g）范围从 34.2（山毛榉橡子）到 72.5（粉红松仁；PPN）和从 1.2（PPN）到 22.5（开心果）。样品富含油酸和亚油酸（56-87g/100g 油）。生育酚和三烯生育酚（mg/kg）范围从 48.1（花生）到 156.3（杏仁）和 0（杏仁、山核桃）到 22.1（PPN），以及从 533（PPN）到 12896（山毛榉橡子）的亲水酚类化合物；类黄酮和缩合单宁（mgCE/100g）范围从 142（白松仁）到 1833（山毛榉橡子）和 14（PPN）到 460（山毛榉橡子）。三个主成分解释了 90%与样品中抗氧化植物化学物质多样性相关的方差。生育酚、三烯生育酚、亲水酚类化合物、类黄酮和缩合单宁的体外生物利用度分别为 11-51%、16-79%、25-55%、0-100%和 0-94%。多元回归分析显示，膳食纤维、脂肪和/或不饱和脂肪酸可能以特定结构的方式影响植物化学物质的生物利用度。
