Hjaltadottir Ingibjorg, Olafsson Kjartan, Sigurdardottir Arun K, Arnardottir Ragnheidur Harpa
Reykjalundur rehabilitation center, Mosfellsbaer, Iceland.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland, Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland.
Laeknabladid. 2019;105(10):435-441. doi: 10.17992/lbl.2019.10.251.
Many factors influence the nursing needs and survival of nursing home residents, including the admission criteria. The aim of the study was to compare health, survival and predictors for one- and two-year survival of people entering Icelandic nursing homes between 2003-2007 and 2008-2014.
Retrospective, descriptive, comparative study. The data was obtained from a Directorate of Health database for all interRAI assessments of Icelandic nursing homes from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2014 (N = 8487).
There was a significant difference in the health and survival of new nursing home residents before and after December 31, 2007. In the latter period, the mean age was 82.7 years. In the previous period, it was 82.1 years, and the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, diabetes and COPD increased between the periods. One-year survival decreased from 73.4% to 66.5%, and two-year survival decreased from 56.9% to 49.1%. The strongest mortality risk factors were heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as high scores on the CHESS scale and ADL long scale.
After 2007, new residents were older, in poorer health, and their life expectancy was shorter than for those moving to nursing homes before that. The results suggest that the aim of the regulatory change was achieved, i.e., to prioritise those in worst health. Their care needs may therefore be different and greater than before.
许多因素会影响养老院居民的护理需求和生存情况，包括入院标准。本研究的目的是比较2003 - 2007年和2008 - 2014年进入冰岛养老院的人群在健康状况、生存情况以及1年和2年生存率的预测因素。
回顾性、描述性、比较性研究。数据来自冰岛卫生局数据库中2003年1月1日至2014年12月31日对所有冰岛养老院进行的interRAI评估（N = 8487）。
2007年12月31日前后新入住养老院居民的健康状况和生存情况存在显著差异。在后一时期，平均年龄为82.7岁。前一时期为82.1岁，这两个时期之间阿尔茨海默病、缺血性心脏病、心力衰竭、糖尿病和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率有所增加。1年生存率从73.4%降至66.5%，2年生存率从56.9%降至49.1%。最强的死亡风险因素是心力衰竭、慢性阻塞性肺疾病以及CHESS量表和ADL长量表得分较高。
2007年之后，新入住居民年龄更大，健康状况更差，预期寿命比之前入住养老院的人更短。结果表明监管变革的目标得以实现，即优先照顾健康状况最差的人群。因此，他们的护理需求可能与之前不同且更大。
