Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, The Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Pudong, China.
Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Front Immunol. 2019 Sep 13;10:2217. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02217. eCollection 2019.
Inflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) exhibit the shared feature of changes in activation and polarization of circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages. Numerous microRNAs (miRs) have been found to have key functions in regulating inflammation and macrophage polarization. Although there is increasing interest in the roles of miRs in both RA and JIA, less is known regarding how miRs relate to functional properties of immune cells, including monocytes and macrophages. Interestingly, miRs can function both to promote inflammatory phenotypes and pro-inflammatory polarization, as well as through negative-feedback loops to limit inflammation. Here, we review the functional roles of several miRs in macrophages in inflammatory arthritis, with a particular focus on vivo effects of miR alteration in experimental arthritis. We also consider how current efforts to target miRs clinically could modify functional monocyte and macrophage polarization , and serve as novel therapies for diseases such as RA and JIA.
炎症性关节炎包括类风湿关节炎（RA）和幼年特发性关节炎（JIA），其特征为循环单核细胞和组织巨噬细胞的激活和极化发生变化。已经发现许多 microRNAs（miRs）在调节炎症和巨噬细胞极化方面具有关键功能。尽管人们对 RA 和 JIA 中 miRs 的作用越来越感兴趣，但对于 miRs 与包括单核细胞和巨噬细胞在内的免疫细胞的功能特性之间的关系知之甚少。有趣的是，miRs 既可以促进炎症表型和促炎极化，也可以通过负反馈环来限制炎症。在这里，我们综述了几种在炎症性关节炎中巨噬细胞中的 miRs 的功能作用，特别关注 miR 在实验性关节炎中改变的体内效应。我们还考虑了目前靶向 miRs 进行临床治疗的方法如何改变功能性单核细胞和巨噬细胞的极化，并作为 RA 和 JIA 等疾病的新型治疗方法。
