Zhao Wenzhen, Han Zenglin, Yan Xiaolu, Zhong Jingqiu
Liaoning Normal University, Urban and Environmental college, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
Liaoning Normal University, Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
PeerJ. 2019 Sep 16;7:e7673. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7673. eCollection 2019.
Developing effective methods to coordinate the trade-offs among ecosystem services (ES) is important for achieving inclusive growth and sustainable development, and has been the focus of scholars and ecosystem managers globally. Using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) data, our study examined Wafangdian County of Liaoning Province as a case study to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of four ES (food supply [FS], net primary productivity [NPP], water yield [WY], and soil conservation [SC]) and changes among their interactions. Then, an ordered weighted averaging model was introduced to simulate the optimal scenario of ES allocation. Results showed that: (1) the spatial and temporal changes in ES were significant over 14 years. All ES presented an inverted U-shaped growth curve from 2000-2014. (2) Synergies were observed within provisioning services, and there were trade-offs between provisioning services and regulating services, as well as provisioning services and supporting services. (3) The optimal scenario for Wafangdian was scenario 5 (trade-off coefficient, 0.68). The allocation of FS, NPP, WY, and SC in scenario 5 were 0.187, 0.427, 0.131, and 0.063, respectively. Implementing each ES weight of optimal scenario in land use management contributed to achieving intercoordination of ES. We propose to coordinate land and sea management to restore natural habitats that were expanded into in the high ES area. It is our anticipation that this study could provide a scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of ES and improving land use structure of coastal zones in the future.
开发有效的方法来协调生态系统服务（ES）之间的权衡对于实现包容性增长和可持续发展至关重要，并且一直是全球学者和生态系统管理者关注的焦点。利用遥感和地理信息系统（GIS）数据，我们的研究以辽宁省瓦房店市为例进行考察，以揭示四种生态系统服务（食物供给[FS]、净初级生产力[NPP]、产水量[WY]和土壤保持[SC]）的时空演变及其相互作用的变化。然后，引入有序加权平均模型来模拟生态系统服务分配的最优情景。结果表明：（1）14年间生态系统服务的时空变化显著。2000年至2014年，所有生态系统服务均呈现倒U形增长曲线。（2） 在供给服务内部观察到协同效应，在供给服务与调节服务以及供给服务与支持服务之间存在权衡。（3） 瓦房店的最优情景是情景5（权衡系数为0.68）。情景5中FS、NPP、WY和SC的分配分别为0.187、0.427、0.131和0.063。在土地利用管理中实施最优情景的每种生态系统服务权重有助于实现生态系统服务的相互协调。我们建议协调陆地和海洋管理，以恢复在高生态系统服务区域扩展的自然栖息地。我们预期这项研究能够为未来优化生态系统服务分配和改善沿海地区土地利用结构提供科学依据。
