Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ariel University, Israel.
Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, affiliated with the Sackler school of medicine, Tel Aviv university, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
J Clin Psychol. 2020 Jan;76(1):20-30. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22872. Epub 2019 Oct 1.
In this study, we aimed to assess the degree to which individuals with varying levels of psychotherapeutic experience have predisposed ideas regarding what works in psychotherapy.
Therapists (n = 107), patients (n = 97), and lay individuals with no prior experience in psychotherapy (n = 160) reported their process expectations and ranked seven mechanisms of change in the order of their perceived importance.
Therapists rated emotional processing and patient-therapist relations as higher in importance than did patients and lay individuals, but patients and lay individuals rated cognitive and emotional reconstruction higher than did therapists. Furthermore, therapists ranked the exploration of unconscious contents as most important, while patients and lay individuals ranked cognitive control to be the most important mechanism of change.
Therapists, patients, and lay individuals expect different mechanisms of change to take place in psychotherapy. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
在这项研究中，我们旨在评估不同心理治疗经验水平的个体对心理治疗中哪些有效因素的固有看法。
治疗师（n=107）、患者（n=97）和无心理治疗经验的非专业人士（n=160）报告了他们的过程期望，并按照他们认为的重要性对七种改变机制进行了排序。
治疗师认为情绪处理和医患关系比患者和非专业人士更重要，但患者和非专业人士认为认知和情绪重建比治疗师更重要。此外，治疗师将探索无意识内容列为最重要的机制，而患者和非专业人士则将认知控制列为最重要的改变机制。
治疗师、患者和非专业人士期望心理治疗中发生不同的改变机制。讨论了研究的局限性和未来的研究方向。
