School of Medicine, Huainan Union University, Huainan, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Huainan Eastern Hospital, Huainan, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Apr;23(6):1058-1066. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002805. Epub 2019 Oct 2.
To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese adults aged 45-59 years.
Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the major dietary patterns. Logistic regression models were applied to clarify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CKD.
The present study population was a part of the population-based Nutrition and Health Study performed in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, eastern China.
A total of 2437 eligible participants (45-59 years) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study from June 2015 to December 2016.
Three major dietary patterns were identified: 'traditional southern Chinese', 'Western' and 'grains-vegetables' patterns, collectively accounting for 25·6 % of variance in the diet. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the Western pattern had greater odds for CKD (OR = 1·83, 95 % CI 1·21, 2·81; P < 0·05) than those in the lowest quartile. Compared with the lowest quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern, the highest quartile had lower odds for CKD (OR = 0·84, 95 % CI 0·77, 0·93; P < 0·05). In addition, there was no significant association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and risk of CKD (P > 0·05).
Our results suggest that the Western pattern is associated with an increased risk, whereas the grains-vegetables pattern is associated with a reduced risk for CKD. These findings can guide dietary interventions for the prevention of CKD in a middle-aged Chinese population.
探讨 45-59 岁中国成年人的饮食模式与慢性肾脏病（CKD）风险之间的关系。
使用半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。采用因子分析识别主要饮食模式。应用 logistic 回归模型阐明饮食模式与 CKD 风险之间的关联。
本研究人群来自中国东部浙江省杭州市的一项基于人群的营养与健康研究。
本横断面研究共纳入 2437 名符合条件的参与者（45-59 岁），他们于 2015 年 6 月至 2016 年 12 月参加了这项研究。
确定了三种主要的饮食模式：“传统南方模式”、“西方模式”和“谷物-蔬菜模式”，它们共同解释了饮食中 25.6%的变异。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，西方模式最高四分位组的 CKD 发病风险高于最低四分位组（OR=1.83，95%CI 1.21，2.81；P<0.05）。与谷物-蔬菜模式最低四分位组相比，最高四分位组的 CKD 发病风险较低（OR=0.84，95%CI 0.77，0.93；P<0.05）。此外，传统南方模式与 CKD 风险之间无显著关联（P>0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，西方模式与 CKD 风险增加相关，而谷物-蔬菜模式与 CKD 风险降低相关。这些发现可为中年中国人的 CKD 预防提供饮食干预指导。
