Brito Ana Maria de, Szwarcwald Célia Landmann, Damacena Giseli Nogueira, Dourado Inês Costa
Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Recife (PE), Brazil.
Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019 Sep 26;22Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e190006. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720190006.supl.1. eCollection 2019.
Knowing the factors associated with periodic HIV testing among female sex workers (FSW) is essential to expand testing coverage and to broaden programs of treatment as prevention.
We used data from 4,328 FSWs recruited by the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. Data analysis considered the complex sampling design. The prevalence of HIV testing in the last year and periodic HIV test were estimated. Factors associated with regular HIV testing were identified through logistic regression models.
The testing coverage in the last year was 39.3%. Only 13.5% of FSW reported having performed a periodic HIV test in the last year. Among the factors associated with the higher probability of HIV testing in the last year were a better level of education, living with a partner, working indoors, consistent use of condoms, and regular use of public and private health services stood out.
Periodic HIV testing allows early diagnosis and immediate treatment of cases, reducing the chances of spreading the infection to the population. However, factors such as stigma and discrimination hinder the use of regular health services.
It is necessary to expand awareness campaigns, especially among FSWs with low educational level and greater vulnerability, in order to broaden the perception of risk and the importance of periodic testing, in addition to encouraging regular health care.
了解与女性性工作者（FSW）定期进行艾滋病毒检测相关的因素，对于扩大检测覆盖面和拓宽作为预防手段的治疗项目至关重要。
我们使用了2016年通过应答驱动抽样（RDS）方法在巴西12个城市招募的4328名女性性工作者的数据。数据分析考虑了复杂的抽样设计。估计了去年艾滋病毒检测的流行率和定期艾滋病毒检测情况。通过逻辑回归模型确定了与定期艾滋病毒检测相关的因素。
去年的检测覆盖率为39.3%。只有13.5%的女性性工作者报告在去年进行了定期艾滋病毒检测。在与去年艾滋病毒检测可能性较高相关的因素中，教育水平较高、与伴侣同住、在室内工作、持续使用避孕套以及定期使用公共和私人卫生服务较为突出。
定期艾滋病毒检测可实现病例的早期诊断和立即治疗，减少感染传播给人群的机会。然而，耻辱和歧视等因素阻碍了对常规卫生服务的利用。
有必要扩大宣传活动，特别是在教育水平低和更易受伤害的女性性工作者中，以拓宽对风险的认识和定期检测的重要性，此外还要鼓励定期接受医疗保健。
