胃肠道间质瘤：流行病学、诊断与治疗。
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
机构信息
Secretaria de Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
出版信息
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2019 Nov;35(6):555-559. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000584.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this review is to review the past year's literature to provide comprehensive information to researchers, physicians, and the general public regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Common ground as well as divergent viewpoints will be highlighted and discussed.
RECENT FINDINGS
The diagnosis of GISTs may involve imaging tests such as computed tomorgraphy scan and MRI, endoscopy with or without endoscopic ultrasound, and biopsy. Only biopsy, however, can yield a positive diagnosis. As most GISTs express KIT protein, immunostaining for KIT and/or molecular genetic testing for mutations in KIT can diagnose 95% of GISTs. Regorafenib, a drug that inhibits various protein genes that lead to GIST development is a relatively new treatment modality.
SUMMARY
The current review should enable clinicians to best select the diagnostic and treatment approaches to GIST.
目的综述
本文旨在回顾过去一年的文献，为研究人员、医生和公众提供关于胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的流行病学、诊断和治疗的综合信息。本文将突出和讨论共同观点和不同观点。
最近的发现
GIST 的诊断可能涉及影像学检查，如计算机断层扫描和 MRI、内镜检查（伴或不伴内镜超声）和活检。然而，只有活检才能做出阳性诊断。由于大多数 GIST 表达 KIT 蛋白，因此免疫组织化学染色 KIT 和/或 KIT 基因突变的分子遗传学检测可诊断 95%的 GIST。regorafenib 是一种抑制导致 GIST 发展的各种蛋白基因的药物，是一种相对较新的治疗方式。
总结
本综述应使临床医生能够最好地选择 GIST 的诊断和治疗方法。
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