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痔切除术和皮肤标签切除术在炎症性肠病中的应用:厄运的先兆还是疾病的自然进程?

Hemorrhoidectomy and Excision of Skin Tags in IBD: Harbinger of Doom or Simply a Disease Running Its Course?

机构信息

Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

The Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2019 Dec;62(12):1505-1511. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001524.

DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001524
PMID:31580261
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Controversy in performing hemorrhoidectomy and anal skin tag excision in patients with IBD stems from dated reports of nonhealing wounds resulting in proctectomy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine the safety of interventional management of hemorrhoids or anal skin tags in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

DESIGN

This study is a retrospective review of patient records from 2000 to 2017.

SETTING

The patient records were retrieved from a multistate health system.

PATIENTS

Adult patients with IBD undergoing interventional management of hemorrhoids or skin tags were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE

The primary outcome measured was the long-term requirement of proctectomy.

RESULTS

Ninety-seven patients (n = 49 Crohn's disease, 48 ulcerative colitis) underwent interventional management of hemorrhoids or anal skin tags (n =35 rubber band ligation, 27 anal skin tag excision, 21 hemorrhoidectomy, 14 excision/incision of thrombosed hemorrhoid). Thirty-day complications were observed in 5 patients (n = 4 urinary retention, 1 perianal abscess). Five patients with Crohn's disease eventually required proctectomy at a median of 7 years after skin tag excision (range, 6 months to 10 years), but none were secondary to impaired wound healing. Two patients with ulcerative colitis who had previously undergone IPAA were subsequently diagnosed with Crohn's disease of the pouch after skin tag excision. No other long-term complications were seen in patients with ulcerative colitis.

LIMITATIONS

The study's retrospective design does not allow identification of patients with IBD who underwent only medical management of their hemorrhoids. There is also selection bias in which patients were selected for interventional management of their disease.

CONCLUSIONS

The requirement for proctectomy after hemorrhoidectomy/skin tag excision appears to be secondary to the natural disease course of perianal Crohn's disease rather than perianal intervention. Selective hemorrhoidectomy and skin tag excision in patients with well-controlled luminal disease should be considered. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B55. HEMORROIDECTOMÍA ASOCIADA A LA EXCISIÓN DE PLICOMAS EN CASOS DE ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA INTESTINAL: ¿ANUNCIO DE FATALIDAD O SIMPLEMENTE EVOLUCIÓN NATURAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD?: Está controvertida la realización de una hemorroidectomía asociada a la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, así lo han demostrado informes detallados sobre la no cicatrisación de las heridas conllevando a una proctectomía.Determinar los margenes de seguridad en casos de tratamiento instrumental de hemorroides asociadas a la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos en pacientes portadores de colitis ulcerosa o enfermedad de Crohn.Revisión retrospectiva de historias clinicas de pacientes entre 2000 y 2017.Servicio Multiestatal de Salud.Adultos con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal sometidos a tratamiento instrumental de hemorroides asociado a la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos.Requisitos a largo plazo para una proctectomía.Noventa y siete pacientes (49 con enfermedad de Crohn, 48 con colitis ulcerosa) se sometieron a un tratamiento instrumental de hemorroides asociada a la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos (35 ligadura con bandas elásticas, 27 excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos, 21 hemorroidectomías, 14 excisiones / incisiones de hemorroides trombosadas) Se observaron complicaciones a los 30 días en cinco pacientes (4 con retención urinaria, 1 absceso perianal). Cinco pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn requirieron proctectomía en una media de 7 años después de la excisión de los plicomas ano-cutáneos (rango, 6 meses a 10 años), pero ninguno fue secundario a la mala cicatrización de la herida. Dos pacientes con colitis ulcerosa que previamente se habían sometido a una anastomosis colo-anal protegia por ilestomía fueron diagnosticados posteriormente con enfermedad de Crohn localizada en la ostomía después de la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos. No se observaron complicaciones a largo plazo en pacientes con colitis ulcerosa.El diseño retrospectivo del estudio no permite la identificación de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal que se sometieron únicamente al tratamiento médico de las hemorroides. También existe un sesgo de selección de pacientes escogidos para tratamiento instrumental de la enfermedad hemorroidaria.El requisito de proctectomía después de la hemorroidectomía / excisión de plicomas anocutáneos parece ser secundario al curso de la enfermedad natural de la enfermedad de Crohn perianal en el sitio de la intervención perianal. Se debe considerar la hemorroidectomía selectiva y la excisión de plicomas ano-cutáneos solo en pacientes con enfermedad endoluminal controlada. Vea el video del resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B55.

摘要

背景

在患有 IBD 的患者中进行痔切除术和肛门皮赘切除术存在争议,这源于陈旧的报告称非愈合性伤口导致直肠切除术。

目的

本研究旨在确定对克罗恩病或溃疡性结肠炎患者的痔或肛门皮赘进行介入管理的安全性。

设计

这是一项对 2000 年至 2017 年患者记录的回顾性研究。

地点

患者记录从一个多州卫生系统中检索。

患者

接受痔或皮赘介入管理的 IBD 成年患者。

主要观察指标

主要观察指标是长期需要直肠切除术的情况。

结果

97 例患者(49 例克罗恩病,48 例溃疡性结肠炎)接受了痔或肛门皮赘的介入管理(35 例橡皮圈结扎,27 例肛门皮赘切除,21 例痔切除术,14 例血栓性痔切除术)。30 天内观察到 5 例患者(4 例尿潴留,1 例肛周脓肿)发生并发症。5 例克罗恩病患者在肛门皮赘切除后平均 7 年(6 个月至 10 年)后最终需要直肠切除术,但均不是由于伤口愈合不良引起的。2 例先前接受过 IPAA 的溃疡性结肠炎患者在肛门皮赘切除后被诊断为 pouch 后的克罗恩病。溃疡性结肠炎患者未出现其他长期并发症。

局限性

该研究的回顾性设计不允许识别仅接受痔药物治疗的 IBD 患者。在选择接受疾病介入治疗的患者时,也存在选择偏倚。

结论

在肛门周围克罗恩病的自然病程而不是肛门周围干预后,似乎需要进行痔切除术/皮赘切除后的直肠切除术。应考虑选择性痔切除术和肛门皮赘切除术,以治疗病情良好的腔内疾病。

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