Department of Psychology, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA.
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, 250 Mills Godwin Life Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
J Relig Health. 2020 Jun;59(3):1541-1566. doi: 10.1007/s10943-019-00920-9.
In many ways, clergy and religious leaders are an ignored, yet high-risk population. A clergy member unable to cope with challenges in his or her own life may be ineffective at helping church members to cope with their stress. In the present study, we developed and tested an operational model of clergy holistic health, including occupational demands, and personal and job-related resources. Data were collected from clergy (N = 418) and analyzed using correlational and regression-based techniques. Results from the present study provide support for the demands-control-support model (Johnson and Hall in Am J Public Health 78(10):1336-1342, 1988). Specifically, our findings suggest that clergy mental health may be improved by (a) an increase in the work-related social support needed to take advantage of job control followed by (b) an increase in job control. Furthermore, the present findings expand on previous research by identifying spiritual well-being as an important outcome that may be impacted by job-related demands. The present findings also underscore the value of contextualized or occupation-specific measures, given the stronger correlations that were observed between the occupation-specific measure of perceived job demands than the general measure of perceived job demands.
在许多方面，神职人员和宗教领袖是一个被忽视但高风险的群体。神职人员如果无法应对自己生活中的挑战，可能无法有效地帮助教会成员应对压力。在本研究中，我们开发并测试了神职人员整体健康的运作模型，包括职业需求以及个人和与工作相关的资源。数据是从神职人员（N=418）收集的，并使用相关和回归技术进行了分析。本研究的结果为需求-控制-支持模型（Johnson 和 Hall，《美国公共卫生杂志》78（10）：1336-1342，1988）提供了支持。具体来说，我们的研究结果表明，神职人员的心理健康可以通过以下方式得到改善：（a）增加工作相关的社会支持，以便更好地利用工作控制，然后（b）增加工作控制。此外，本研究的发现通过确定精神健康作为一个可能受到与工作相关的需求影响的重要结果，扩展了以前的研究。本研究的结果还强调了基于情境或特定职业的措施的价值，因为在观察到的感知工作需求的特定职业措施与感知工作需求的一般措施之间存在更强的相关性。
