Rystedt I
Contact Dermatitis. 1985 Mar;12(3):164-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb01087.x.
549 individuals with severe (group 1), 406 with moderate (group 2) atopic dermatitis in childhood, 222 with respiratory allergy but no atopic dermatitis in childhood (group 3), and 199 without personal or family atopy (group 4) were studied as to occupational health symptoms due to hand eczema. In groups 1, 2 and 4, there was a slightly significant difference (P less than 0.05) between the frequency of hand eczema in individuals with and without occupational exposure to chemicals, water, soil or wear (friction). Despite no such work, 55% in group 1 and 44% in group 2 had developed hand eczema. About 1/4 of the atopics in extreme risk occupations, such as ladies' hairdressers and nursing assistants, had not developed hand eczema. Altogether, 9% in groups 1 and 2 and 3% in group 4 had changed their jobs due to hand eczema, the majority from work with to work without exposure to chemicals, water, soil or wear. Social factors had usually contributed to the change. The healing rate after taking up a new occupation was 15% in group 1, 36% in group 2 and 67% (4 out of 6) in group 4. The majority of the patients whose eczema had not healed had improved in their new occupations. It is claimed that medical reasons for change of occupation should be carefully weighed against social reasons.
对549名患有重度（第1组）、406名患有中度（第2组）儿童特应性皮炎的个体，222名患有呼吸道过敏但儿童期无特应性皮炎的个体（第3组），以及199名无个人或家族特应性的个体（第4组），就手部湿疹引起的职业健康症状进行了研究。在第1组、第2组和第4组中，有职业接触化学品、水、土壤或磨损（摩擦）的个体与无此类接触的个体相比，手部湿疹的发生率存在轻微显著差异（P小于0.05）。尽管没有此类工作，第1组中有55%、第2组中有44%出现了手部湿疹。在极端高危职业（如女理发师和护理助理）中的特应性个体中，约四分之一未患手部湿疹。总体而言，第1组和第2组中有9%、第4组中有3%因手部湿疹而更换了工作，大多数是从接触化学品、水、土壤或磨损的工作换成了无此类接触的工作。社会因素通常促成了这种转变。从事新职业后的治愈率在第1组为15%，第2组为36%，第4组为67%（6例中有4例）。大多数湿疹未治愈的患者在新职业中病情有所改善。有人认为，职业变更的医学原因应与社会原因进行仔细权衡。
