Nilsson E, Mikaelsson B, Andersson S
Contact Dermatitis. 1985 Oct;13(4):216-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb02553.x.
By means of a multivariate regression analysis, we have studied the importance of atopy, "wet" and "dry" occupations, and domestic work as risk factors for hand eczema. Hand eczema was identified by questionnaire. The studied cohort consisted of 2452 newly employed hospital workers with a median follow-up time of 20 months. Of the total cohort studied, 86% were female. The total occurrence of hand eczema in the 4 occupational groups studied were: nursing staff 41%, kitchen workers/cleaners 37%, office workers 25% and caretakers/craftsmen 17%. Atopic dermatitis increased the odds of developing hand eczema by 3 times in wet as well as in dry work. Subjects with atopic dermatitis developed a more severe hand eczema than subjects with atopic mucosal symptoms and non-atopics. Wet hospital work increased the odds by a factor of 2 compared to dry office work. 2 anamnestically available parameters of domestic work, namely "nursing of children younger than 4 years" and "absence of dish-washing machine" were found to significantly increase the risk of developing hand eczema. Wet work in combination with unfavourable domestic factors increased the odds by a factor of 4. The caretakers/craftsmen group, which was dominated by men, showed the lowest figure for hand eczema.
通过多变量回归分析，我们研究了特应性、“湿”性和“干”性职业以及家务劳动作为手部湿疹风险因素的重要性。通过问卷调查确定手部湿疹。研究队列由2452名新入职的医院工作人员组成，中位随访时间为20个月。在整个研究队列中，86%为女性。在所研究的4个职业组中，手部湿疹的总发生率分别为：护理人员41%、厨房工作人员/清洁工37%、办公室工作人员25%和护理员/工匠17%。特应性皮炎在湿性和干性工作中使发生手部湿疹的几率增加3倍。患有特应性皮炎的受试者比患有特应性黏膜症状的受试者和非特应性受试者发生更严重的手部湿疹。与干的办公室工作相比，医院的湿工作使几率增加2倍。在家务劳动中，两个可通过回忆获得的参数，即“照顾4岁以下儿童”和“没有洗碗机”，被发现会显著增加发生手部湿疹的风险。湿工作与不利的家庭因素相结合使几率增加4倍。以男性为主的护理员/工匠组手部湿疹发生率最低。
