Barraza Felipe, Arancibia Marcelo, Madrid Eva, Papuzinski Cristian
Cátedra de Metodología de la Investigación Científica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0002-7677-9378.
Cátedra de Metodología de la Investigación Científica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Salud (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0003-2239-6248.
Medwave. 2019 Aug 27;19(7):e7687. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2019.07.7687.
Biomedical research, particularly when it involves human beings, is always subjected to sources of error that must be recognized. Systematic error or bias is associated with problems in the methodological design or during the execu-tion phase of a research project. It affects its validity and is qualitatively ap-praised. On the other hand, random error is related to variations due to chance. It may be quantitatively expressed, but never removed. This review is the first of a methodological series on general concepts in biostatistics and clin-ical epidemiology developed by the Chair of Scientific Research Methodology at the School of Medicine, University of Valparaíso, Chile. In this article, we address the theoretical concepts of error, its evaluation, and control. Finally, we discuss some current controversies in its conceptualization that are relevant to undergraduate and graduate students of health sciences.
生物医学研究，尤其是涉及人类的研究，总是会受到一些必须加以认识的误差来源的影响。系统误差或偏差与研究项目的方法设计或执行阶段存在的问题相关。它会影响研究的有效性，并且需要进行定性评估。另一方面，随机误差与偶然因素导致的变异有关。它可以进行定量表达，但永远无法消除。本综述是智利瓦尔帕莱索大学医学院科研方法学主席所开展的关于生物统计学和临床流行病学一般概念的方法学系列文章中的第一篇。在本文中，我们阐述了误差的理论概念、其评估方法及控制措施。最后，我们讨论了在其概念化方面目前存在的一些争议，这些争议对健康科学专业的本科生和研究生具有重要意义。
