Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Nov;281:112581. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112581. Epub 2019 Sep 27.
Poor knowledge and stigma toward people with mental illness negatively affect intentions to seek help among adolescents. The study aimed to assess the impact of three school-based interventions and to explore whether positive changes in attitudes were linked to more favorable changes in desire for social distance and seeking help. A total of 221 upper secondary students were allocated to three interventions: 1. social contact; 2. Mental Health Literacy (MHL) conducted by clinicians; 3. MHL conducted by dis-peer instructors. Measures of knowledge, attitudes, views on empowerment and recovery, willingness to interact, and help seeking were collected. Generalized Estimating Equations and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to evaluate scores differences between interventions through time, and to test the interrelationships between knowledge, attitudes variables and the two outcomes of interest. Findings showed that all groups improved in knowledge, attitudes, empowerment, willingness to interact, and seeking help. SEM revealed that the increase in knowledge was significantly associated with the General attitudes toward people with mental illness construct that, in turn, was positively associated with willingness to interact and seeking help. Results encourage the use of anti-stigma interventions in order to decrease negative attitudes toward mental illness and improve behavioral intentions among students.
对精神疾病患者的知识匮乏和污名化会对青少年寻求帮助的意愿产生负面影响。本研究旨在评估三种基于学校的干预措施的影响，并探讨态度的积极变化是否与对社会距离和寻求帮助的期望的更有利变化有关。共有 221 名高中生被分配到三种干预措施中：1. 社会接触；2. 临床医生进行的心理健康素养（MHL）；3. 非同伴指导员进行的 MHL。收集了知识、态度、赋权和康复观点、互动意愿和寻求帮助的衡量标准。广义估计方程和结构方程模型（SEM）用于评估随着时间的推移干预措施之间的评分差异，并测试知识、态度变量与两个感兴趣结果之间的相互关系。研究结果表明，所有组在知识、态度、赋权、互动意愿和寻求帮助方面都有所改善。SEM 显示，知识的增加与对精神疾病患者的一般态度结构显著相关，而这种态度结构又与互动意愿和寻求帮助呈正相关。研究结果鼓励使用反污名化干预措施，以减少对精神疾病的负面态度，并提高学生的行为意愿。
