Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173-beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea.
Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173-beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea.
Nutrients. 2019 Oct 5;11(10):2377. doi: 10.3390/nu11102377.
An inverse association between coffee consumption and the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been observed. However, little is known about this association in Koreans, although they are now among the top global consumers of coffee. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the prevalence of DM and the amount of coffee consumption using a unit of exact measurement, regardless of the type of coffee consumed. This study was based on data acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012-2016. The participants who completed the survey were included in the statistical analysis ( = 14,578). Subjects were stratified by age (19-39 years old: young adult; 40-64 years old: middle-aged adult) and gender (men, women). The amount of coffee was measured using a teaspoon (tsp) unit corresponding to 5 mL of powdered coffee and was analyzed as a continuous variable. The mean powdered coffee intake per day was 1.97 tsp in women groups, 2.24 tsp in young adult men, and 2.72 tsp in middle-aged men. The frequency of coffee consumption showed an inverse relationship with the amount of coffee intake at a time. With each 1-tsp increment in daily coffee intake, the odds of DM were 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-0.92, < 0.001) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95, = 0.003) in middle-aged women and men, respectively. Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with the prevalence of DM even with adjustment for covariates in middle-aged adults. We delineated that the prevalence for DM decreased as coffee intake increased in Korean middle-aged adults. Therefore, our data represented an inverse association between coffee consumption and the prevalence of DM, although Koreans have a unique coffee-drinking habit.
已经观察到咖啡消费与糖尿病（DM）风险之间呈负相关。然而，尽管韩国人现在是全球咖啡消费的最高群体之一，但对于这种关联知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在评估无论所消费咖啡的类型如何，使用精确测量单位的咖啡消耗量与 DM 患病率之间的关联。本研究基于 2012-2016 年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查的数据。完成调查的参与者被纳入统计分析（n=14578）。研究对象按年龄（19-39 岁：年轻成年人；40-64 岁：中年成年人）和性别（男性、女性）分层。使用对应于 5 毫升粉状咖啡的一茶匙（tsp）单位来测量咖啡量，并将其分析为连续变量。女性组每天平均摄入粉状咖啡 1.97 茶匙，年轻男性组为 2.24 茶匙，中年男性组为 2.72 茶匙。咖啡消费频率与一次摄入的咖啡量呈反比关系。与每日咖啡摄入量增加 1 茶匙相比，DM 的比值比（OR）分别为 0.89（95%置信区间（CI）：0.86-0.92，<0.001）和 0.93（95%CI：0.90-0.95，=0.003），分别为中年女性和男性。即使在中年成年人中调整了混杂因素，咖啡消费与 DM 的患病率之间仍然呈负相关。我们描述了在韩国中年成年人中，随着咖啡摄入量的增加，DM 的患病率降低。因此，尽管韩国人有独特的喝咖啡习惯，但我们的数据代表了咖啡消费与 DM 患病率之间的负相关关系。
