Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02892, United States of America.
US Geological Survey, St John, U.S. Virgin Islands.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Aug;145:517-525. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.049. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
Since 2011, tropical beaches from Africa to Brazil, Central America, and the Caribbean have been inundated by tons of sargassum seaweed from a new equatorial source of pelagic sargassum in the Atlantic. In recent years the extraordinary accumulations of sargassum make this a nuisance algal bloom for tropical coasts. In 2018 satellite data indicated floating mats of sargassum that extended throughout the Caribbean to the northeast coast of Brazil with the highest percent coverage over the water yet recorded. A literature review suggests that Atlantic equatorial recirculation of seaweed mats combined with nutrients from several possible sources may be stimulating the growth and accumulations of sargassum. In the western equatorial recirculation area, new nutrient sources may include Amazon River floods and hurricanes; in the eastern equatorial recirculation area, nutrient sources that could sustain the sargassum blooms include coastal upwelling and Congo River freshwater and nutrients.
自 2011 年以来，从非洲到巴西、中美洲和加勒比地区的热带海滩都被大量来自大西洋新赤道海域的远洋马尾藻淹没。近年来，马尾藻的大量堆积给热带海岸带来了一种讨厌的藻类水华。2018 年卫星数据显示，马尾藻漂浮垫延伸穿过加勒比海，一直延伸到巴西北部的东北海岸，这是有记录以来覆盖水面的最高百分比。文献综述表明，大西洋赤道环流中的海藻垫与来自几个可能来源的营养物质结合，可能刺激了马尾藻的生长和堆积。在西赤道环流区，新的营养源可能包括亚马逊河洪水和飓风；在东赤道环流区，可能维持马尾藻水华的营养源包括沿海上升流、刚果河淡水和营养物质。
