National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation (The Middle Reaches of Yangtze River), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou, Hubei, P. R. China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2020 Jan 30;100(2):595-606. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10053. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
Climate change has posed great challenges to rice production. Temperature and solar radiation show significant variations in central China. This study aims to analyze the responses of different rice genotypes to the variations of temperature and solar radiation in central China, and to find the way of identifying the optimal sowing date to improve and stabilize rice production. For this end, four rice genotypes (two Indica and two Japonica cultivars) were cultivated at two locations under irrigation conditions in 2 years with six sowing dates.
We investigated variations of rice grain yield, resource use efficiency, average daily temperature and solar radiation during different phenological stages. Rice grain yield could increase by about 2-17% in central China. Compared with solar radiation, temperature was a more important factor affecting rice grain yield in central China. The grain yield showed great correlation with the means temperature during different phenological stages, especially during the first 20 days after heading (GT20). Besides our results demonstrated that the grain yield displayed slender variations when the GT20 was within 24.9-26.4 °C. However, GT20 was higher than 26.4 °C in most cases, which became more frequent due to climate changes. Analysis of climate change during the last 25 years revealed that the frequency of GT20 within 24.9-26.4 °C was increased by the delay of sowing date.
We propose that delaying sowing date to achieve the optimal GT20 (24.9 °C-26.4 °C) can be an effective strategy to stabilize and improve rice grain yield and resource use efficiency in central China. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
气候变化给水稻生产带来了巨大挑战。中国中部地区的温度和太阳辐射有显著变化。本研究旨在分析不同水稻基因型对中国中部地区温度和太阳辐射变化的响应，寻找确定最佳播种日期的方法，以提高和稳定水稻产量。为此，在 2 年的 6 个播种日期下，在灌溉条件下于两个地点种植了 4 个水稻基因型（2 个籼稻和 2 个粳稻品种）。
我们调查了不同物候期水稻籽粒产量、资源利用效率、平均日温和太阳辐射的变化。在中国中部地区，水稻籽粒产量可增加约 2-17%。与太阳辐射相比，温度是影响中国中部地区水稻籽粒产量的更重要因素。籽粒产量与不同物候期的平均温度有很大的相关性，特别是在抽穗后 20 天（GT20）。此外，我们的结果表明，GT20 在 24.9-26.4°C 范围内变化较小时，产量变化较小。然而，在大多数情况下 GT20 高于 26.4°C，由于气候变化，这种情况变得更加频繁。对过去 25 年气候变化的分析表明，随着播种日期的推迟，GT20 在 24.9-26.4°C 范围内的频率增加。
我们提出，通过推迟播种日期以实现最佳 GT20（24.9°C-26.4°C），可以成为稳定和提高中国中部地区水稻籽粒产量和资源利用效率的有效策略。 © 2019 化学工业协会。
