Brooks Rehabilitation Institute of Higher Learning, 3901 University Boulevard South, Suite 103, Jacksonville, FL 32216 (USA); and Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.
College of Education and Human Services, University of North Florida.
Phys Ther. 2020 Jan 23;100(1):57-72. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzz142.
Residency training is recognized as a valuable form of professional development and pathway to specialization. Currently residency is voluntary for physical therapists, with less than 12% of DPT students choosing to apply upon graduation. Motivations that drive the decision to pursue residency are currently unknown as is the extent of similarity and difference in perspective among various stakeholders.
The purpose of this study was to identify the dominant perspectives on motivations to pursue residency held by various stakeholders.
This study was conducted using Q Methodology, which incorporates aspects of quantitative and qualitative techniques into the examination of human subjectivity.
Program directors, faculty, and current residents from all accredited physical therapy residency programs were invited to complete a forced-choice sorting activity where potential motivations for residency were sorted by perceived level of importance. Principal component analysis was used to identify dominant perspectives, which were interpreted based on emergent themes in the cluster of motivations identified as most important.
Four dominant perspectives were identified: (1) desire to provide better patient care, (2) preparation for specialty practice, (3) fast track to expert practice, and (4) career advancement. These perspectives provided context and utility to 2 broad meta-motivations: improved clinical reasoning and receiving mentoring. Both within- and between-group differences among stakeholders were identified. However, subsets from each role-group population were found to share similar perspectives.
Results from this study may not apply to potential residents in all specialty areas, and the implications of having a particular perspective are unknown.
Identification of the dominant perspective on motivations for pursuing residency may aid in promoting participation, program development, matching residents to programs and mentors, and future research.
住院医师培训被认为是一种有价值的专业发展形式和专业途径。目前，物理治疗师的住院医师培训是自愿的，只有不到 12%的物理治疗博士（DPT）学生选择在毕业后申请。推动人们决定追求住院医师培训的动机目前尚不清楚，不同利益相关者的观点在相似性和差异性方面的程度也尚不清楚。
本研究旨在确定不同利益相关者对追求住院医师培训动机的主要观点。
本研究采用 Q 方法论进行，该方法将定量和定性技术的各个方面纳入对人类主观性的研究。
邀请所有认证的物理治疗住院医师培训项目的项目主任、教师和现任住院医师完成一项强制性选择排序活动，根据对住院医师培训动机的感知重要性对潜在动机进行排序。主成分分析用于确定主要观点，然后根据确定为最重要的动机集群中出现的主题对其进行解释。
确定了四个主要观点：（1）为提供更好的患者护理的愿望，（2）为专业实践做准备，（3）快速成为专家，（4）职业发展。这些观点为 2 个广泛的元动机提供了背景和效用：提高临床推理能力和接受指导。利益相关者之间存在组内和组间差异。然而，在每个角色群体中都发现了相似观点的子集。
本研究的结果可能不适用于所有专业领域的潜在住院医师，并且特定观点的影响尚不清楚。
确定追求住院医师培训动机的主要观点可能有助于促进参与、项目发展、将住院医师与项目和导师相匹配，以及未来的研究。
