Begum F, Iqbal M, Nahar N, Akter S, Zisa R S, Rahman K S
Dr Farzana Begum, Professor (CC), Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College Bogura, Bogura Cantonment, Bogura, Bangladesh; E-mail:
Mymensingh Med J. 2019 Oct;28(4):833-838.
Cleft lip and cleft palate, also known as orofacial cleft, is a group of conditions that includes Cleft lip (CL), Cleft palate (CP) and both together (CLP). Cleft lip with/or palate are the major human orofacial congenital malformations seen in live birth as well as in still birth. This descriptive cross sectional study was done to determine how the different types of Cleft lip (CL), Cleft lip with palate (CLP) and Cleft palate (CP) are distributed among Bangladeshi Children. This study was performed at a health screening camp for patients with cleft lip with/or palate at Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka. A total 30 patients irrespective of their age and gender, presenting with cleft lip with/or palate deformities were included in the study. A questionnaire was constructed to be filled out by the present researcher through a face-to-face interview with the respondent preferably the mother. The data were organized and analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 20). Looking frequencies of different types of cleft lip with/or palate some trends can be noted regarding the laterality, completeness, extent, side involved and involvement of the alveolus. Out of the 14 CL cases, only 1 (7.14%) showed bilateral cleft. This cleft was complete but simple. All the others were unilateral cleft. A vast majority 9(about 65%) of the cleft lips belonged to the unilateral incomplete left sided simple type. One (7.14%) showed unilateral incomplete right sided simple type of CL. Only 2(14.28%) cases involved the alveolus. Out of the 11 CLP cases, unilateral cleft lip was present in 8 (more than 70% cases). Among them 6 cases showed complete cleft lip and 2 cases showed incomplete cleft lip. Out of all CLP cases 1 but all showed complete cleft palate. The most common type of CLP was "unilateral complete left sided compound cleft lip with unilateral complete left sided cleft palate" present in 5 of the children (i.e. more than 45% of the CLP cases and more than 16% of all cleft cases). Out of the 5 CP cases, only 1(20%) had involvement of the uvula plus posterior part of the soft palate. The rest 4(80%) had involvement of soft palate. Cleft lip with/or palate commonly occurred in Bangladeshi children. Genetic and environmental factors cause this birth defect. Therefore, integrated research among those factors is essential to prevent this birth defect.
唇腭裂，也称为口面部裂隙，是一组病症，包括唇裂（CL）、腭裂（CP）以及两者同时出现（CLP）。唇裂伴/或腭裂是活产和死产中可见的主要人类口面部先天性畸形。本描述性横断面研究旨在确定不同类型的唇裂（CL）、唇腭裂（CLP）和腭裂（CP）在孟加拉国儿童中的分布情况。本研究在达卡儿童医院为唇裂伴/或腭裂患者设立的健康筛查营中进行。共有30名唇裂伴/或腭裂畸形患者纳入研究，无论其年龄和性别。研究人员编制了一份问卷，通过与受访者（最好是母亲）面对面访谈来填写。数据通过社会科学统计软件包（SPSS，版本20）进行整理和分析。观察不同类型唇裂伴/或腭裂的发生频率，可以发现一些关于裂隙的侧别、完整性、范围、受累侧以及牙槽突受累情况的趋势。在14例唇裂病例中，只有1例（7.14%）为双侧唇裂。该唇裂为完全性但单纯性。其他所有病例均为单侧唇裂。绝大多数9例（约65%）唇裂属于单侧不完全性左侧单纯型。1例（7.14%）为单侧不完全性右侧单纯型唇裂。只有2例（14.28%）累及牙槽突。在11例唇腭裂病例中，8例（超过70%的病例）存在单侧唇裂。其中6例为完全性唇裂，2例为不完全性唇裂。在所有唇腭裂病例中，1例但所有病例均为完全性腭裂。最常见的唇腭裂类型是“单侧完全性左侧复合性唇裂伴单侧完全性左侧腭裂”，5名儿童中有此类型（即超过45%的唇腭裂病例和超过16%的所有腭裂病例）。在5例腭裂病例中，只有1例（20%）累及悬雍垂加软腭后部。其余4例（80%）累及软腭。唇裂伴/或腭裂在孟加拉国儿童中较为常见。遗传和环境因素导致这种出生缺陷。因此，对这些因素进行综合研究对于预防这种出生缺陷至关重要。
