农民与马的哮喘病比较综述。
Comparative Review of Asthma in Farmers and Horses.
机构信息
Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985990 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5990, USA.
出版信息
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Oct 10;19(11):50. doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0882-2.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Farmers are routinely exposed to organic dusts and aeroallergens that can have adverse respiratory health effects including asthma. Horses are farm-reared large animals with similar exposures and can develop equine asthma syndrome (EAS). This review aims to compare the etiology, pathophysiology, and immunology of asthma in horses compared to farmers and highlights the horse as a potential translational animal model for organic dust-induced asthma in humans.
RECENT FINDINGS
Severe EAS shares many clinical and pathological features with various phenotypes of human asthma including allergic, non-allergic, late onset, and severe asthma. EAS disease features include variable airflow obstruction, cough, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation/remodeling, neutrophilic infiltrates, excess mucus production, and chronic innate immune activation. Severe EAS is a naturally occurring and biologically relevant, translational animal disease model that could contribute to a more thorough understanding of the environmental and immunologic factors contributing to organic dust-induced asthma in humans.
目的综述
农民通常会接触到有机粉尘和过敏原，这可能对他们的呼吸系统健康产生不良影响，包括哮喘。马是农场饲养的大型动物，它们也会接触到类似的物质，并可能患上马气喘综合征（EAS）。本综述旨在比较马与农民哮喘的病因、病理生理学和免疫学，并强调马作为一种潜在的有机粉尘诱导人类哮喘的转化动物模型。
最近的发现
严重的 EAS 与各种人类哮喘表型（包括过敏、非过敏、迟发性和严重哮喘）具有许多临床和病理特征。EAS 疾病特征包括可变气流阻塞、咳嗽、气道高反应性、气道炎症/重塑、中性粒细胞浸润、黏液过度分泌和慢性先天免疫激活。严重的 EAS 是一种自然发生的、具有生物学相关性的转化动物疾病模型，它可以帮助我们更全面地了解导致人类有机粉尘诱导哮喘的环境和免疫学因素。
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