Welsby Ellana, Berrigan Sonja, Laver Kate
Department of Rehabilitation, Aged and Extended Care, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2019 Dec;66(6):731-738. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12615. Epub 2019 Oct 10.
Occupational therapists commonly provide intervention that promotes quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease. Existing research supports the effects of multidisciplinary and motor intervention for people with Parkinson's disease. However, few studies have identified the effectiveness of occupational therapy intervention alone. The aim of this review was to examine the efficacy of interventions provided by occupational therapists for people with Parkinson's disease.
A comprehensive database search of the literature was performed using Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo and CINAHL between 2003 and January 2018. There were no restrictions on study design and studies with or without a control group were selected for review. Studies were included if intervention consisted of at least 50% of occupational therapy intervention for Parkinson's disease. Two independent reviewers extracted and synthesised data from relevant articles.
In all, 10 studies representing data from 1343 people with Parkinson's disease and 180 caregivers were included in this review. Occupational therapy interventions focussing on meaningful activities were shown to improve perceived occupational performance. Upper limb therapy programmes were shown to improve upper limb function in the short term though longer-term effects are unclear.
Current research supports interventions which are intermittent, short term and intensive, and involve tailored therapy plans working towards an individual's goals. Occupational therapists should implement goal-oriented intervention programmes in conjunction with following the guidance of existing best practice guidelines.
职业治疗师通常会提供促进帕金森病患者生活质量的干预措施。现有研究支持多学科和运动干预对帕金森病患者的效果。然而，很少有研究确定单独的职业治疗干预的有效性。本综述的目的是检验职业治疗师为帕金森病患者提供的干预措施的疗效。
2003年至2018年1月期间，使用Medline、EMBASE、PsycInfo和CINAHL对文献进行了全面的数据库检索。对研究设计没有限制，选择有或没有对照组的研究进行综述。如果干预措施至少50%由针对帕金森病的职业治疗干预组成，则纳入研究。两名独立的评审员从相关文章中提取并综合数据。
本综述共纳入10项研究，代表了1343名帕金森病患者和180名护理人员的数据。专注于有意义活动的职业治疗干预措施显示可改善感知到的职业表现。上肢治疗方案在短期内显示可改善上肢功能，但长期效果尚不清楚。
目前的研究支持间歇性、短期和强化的干预措施，这些措施包括针对个人目标制定的量身定制的治疗计划。职业治疗师应结合遵循现有最佳实践指南的指导，实施以目标为导向的干预方案。
