Baiduc Rachael R, Helzner Elizabeth P
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
Semin Hear. 2019 Nov;40(4):281-291. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1697643. Epub 2019 Oct 9.
Hearing loss is a highly prevalent chronic condition. In addition to age, sex, noise exposure, and genetic predisposition, cardiovascular disease and its antecedents may precipitate hearing loss. Of emerging interest is the connection between diabetes and auditory dysfunction. Cross-sectional studies consistently suggest that prevalence of hearing loss is higher in persons with diabetes compared with those without diabetes, especially among younger persons. Furthermore, longitudinal studies have demonstrated higher incidence of hearing loss in persons with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. These findings seem to hold for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, although considerably more population-based evidence is available for type 2 diabetes. Data on gestational diabetes and hearing outcomes are limited, as are data relating diabetes to otologic sequelae such as fungal infection. Here, we examine evidence from epidemiologic studies of diabetes and hearing loss and consider clinical and laboratory data where population-based data are lacking.
听力损失是一种非常普遍的慢性疾病。除了年龄、性别、噪声暴露和遗传易感性外，心血管疾病及其先兆可能会引发听力损失。糖尿病与听觉功能障碍之间的联系正日益受到关注。横断面研究一致表明，与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者听力损失的患病率更高，尤其是在年轻人中。此外，纵向研究表明，与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者听力损失的发生率更高。这些发现似乎适用于1型和2型糖尿病，尽管关于2型糖尿病有更多基于人群的证据。关于妊娠期糖尿病和听力结果的数据有限，糖尿病与耳部后遗症（如真菌感染）之间的相关数据也有限。在此，我们研究了糖尿病与听力损失的流行病学研究证据，并考虑了缺乏基于人群数据时的临床和实验室数据。
