Bahník Štěpán
Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic.
Exp Psychol. 2019 Sep;66(5):346-354. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000456. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
Processing fluency, a metacognitive feeling of ease of cognitive processing, serves as a cue in various types of judgments. Processing fluency is sometimes evaluated by response times, with shorter response times indicating higher fluency. The present study examined existence of the opposite association; that is, it tested whether disfluency may lead to faster decision times when it serves as a strong cue in judgment. Retrieval fluency was manipulated in an experiment using previous presentation and phonological fluency by varying pronounceability of pseudowords. Participants liked easy-to-pronounce and previously presented words more. Importantly, their decisions were faster for hard-to-pronounce and easy-to-pronounce pseudowords than for pseudowords moderate in pronounceability. The results thus showed an inverted-U shaped relationship between fluency and decision times. The findings suggest that disfluency can lead to faster decision times and thus demonstrate the importance of separating different processes comprising judgment when response times are used as a measure of processing fluency.
加工流畅性是一种认知加工时的元认知轻松感，在各种类型的判断中充当线索。加工流畅性有时通过反应时间来评估，反应时间越短表明流畅性越高。本研究考察了相反关联的存在；也就是说，它测试了在判断中作为强烈线索时，不流畅是否可能导致更快的决策时间。在一项实验中，通过使用先前呈现的内容来操纵提取流畅性，并通过改变假词的发音难易程度来操纵语音流畅性。参与者更喜欢发音容易且先前呈现过的单词。重要的是，对于发音难和发音容易的假词，他们的决策速度比对发音难易程度适中的假词更快。结果因此显示了流畅性与决策时间之间呈倒U形关系。这些发现表明，不流畅可以导致更快的决策时间，从而证明了在将反应时间用作加工流畅性的度量时，区分构成判断的不同过程的重要性。
