In situ metabolic activities of uncultivated Ferrovum sp. CARN8 evidenced by metatranscriptomic analysis.

Amongst iron-oxidizing bacteria playing a key role in the natural attenuation of arsenic in acid mine drainages (AMDs), members of the Ferrovum genus were identified in mine effluent or water treatment plants, and were shown to dominate biogenic precipitates in field pilot experiments. In order to address the question of the in situ activity of the uncultivated Ferrovum sp. CARN8 strain in the Carnoulès AMD, we assembled its genome using metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequences and we determined standardized expression values for protein-encoding genes. Our results showed that this microorganism was indeed metabolically active and allowed us to sketch out its metabolic activity in its natural environment. Expression of genes related to the respiratory chain and carbon fixation suggests aerobic energy production coupled to ferrous iron oxidation and chemolithoautotrophic growth. Notwithstanding the presence of nitrogenase genes in its genome, expression data also indicated that Ferrovum sp. CARN8 relied on ammonium import rather than nitrogen fixation. The expression of flagellum and chemotaxis genes hints that at least a proportion of this strain population was motile. Finally, apart from some genes related to metal resistance showing surprisingly low expression values, genes involved in stress response were well expressed as expected in AMDs.