Federal Institute of Hydrology , Am Mainzer Tor 1 , D-56068 Koblenz , Germany.
RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 1 , D-52074 Aachen , Germany.
Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Nov 19;53(22):13458-13467. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04634. Epub 2019 Oct 28.
We present a novel tool for detecting and monitoring photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors, using the freshwater alga , in environmental samples fractionated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). After chromatographic separation of a sample on a HPTLC plate, the algal suspension is sprayed homogeneously on the plate, and PSII-inhibition by specific sample components is detected based on changes in fluorescence yield, viewed by a maxi Imaging-Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation fluorometer. Dose-dependent responses to the PSII-inhibitor herbicides atrazine and diuron, frequently detected in water bodies, are demonstrated without and with chromatographic separation. The limits of quantification for atrazine and diuron with chromatographic separation were 1.94 ng and 99 pg, respectively, allowing the detection of environmentally relevant concentrations of these herbicides. The developed method was also employed to analyze sample extracts collected during a passive sampling campaign in surface waters. The obtained data correlated well with results from LC-MS/MS chemical analysis but also revealed unknown PSII-inhibiting activities. The proposed methodology represents a rapid and sensitive screening tool for the simultaneous effect-based detection of PSII-inhibitors in environmental samples.
我们提出了一种新的工具，用于检测和监测光系统 II（PSII）抑制剂，使用淡水藻类，在环境样品中用高效薄层层析（HPTLC）进行分离。在 HPTLC 板上对样品进行色谱分离后，将藻类悬浮液均匀地喷洒在板上，并通过 maxi 成像脉冲幅度调制荧光计观察荧光产率的变化，以检测特定样品成分对 PSII 的抑制作用。在没有和有色谱分离的情况下，证明了对水体中经常检测到的 PSII 抑制剂莠去津和敌草隆的除草剂的剂量依赖性反应。具有色谱分离的莠去津和敌草隆的定量限分别为 1.94 ng 和 99 pg，允许检测这些除草剂的环境相关浓度。所开发的方法还用于分析在地表水的被动采样活动中收集的样品提取物。获得的数据与 LC-MS/MS 化学分析的结果相关性良好，但也揭示了未知的 PSII 抑制活性。所提出的方法代表了一种快速灵敏的筛选工具，用于同时检测环境样品中 PSII 抑制剂的基于效应的检测。
