Wellcome Research Unit (Biochemistry), Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park 5045, South Australia, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 15;16(20):3922. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16203922.
The health benefits of dietary amylase resistant starch (RS) arise from intestinal microbial fermentation and generation of short chain fatty acids (SCFA). We compared the intestinal fermentative capability of stunted and nonstunted ('healthy') children in southern India using two types of RS: high amylose maize starch (HAMS) and acetylated HAMS (HAMSA). Twenty children (10 stunted and 10 healthy) aged 2 to 5 years were fed biscuits containing HAMS (10 g/day) for two weeks followed by a 2-week washout and then HAMSA biscuits (10 g/day) for 2 weeks. Fecal samples were collected at 3-4 day intervals and pH and SCFA analyzed. At entry, stunted children had lower SCFA concentrations compared to healthy children. Both types of RS led to a significant decrease in fecal pH and increase in fecal acetate and propionate in both healthy and stunted children. However, while HAMS increased fecal butyrate in both groups of children, HAMSA increased butyrate in healthy but not stunted children. Furthermore, healthy children showed a significantly greater increase than stunted children in both acetate and butyrate when fed either RS. No adverse effects were reported with either RS. Stunted children have impaired capacity to ferment certain types of RS which has implications for choice of RS in formulations aimed at improving microbial function in stunted children.
抗性淀粉（RS）的健康益处源于肠道微生物发酵和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生。我们使用两种 RS（高直链玉米淀粉（HAMS）和乙酰化 HAMS（HAMSA））比较了印度南部发育迟缓儿童和非发育迟缓（“健康”）儿童的肠道发酵能力。20 名 2 至 5 岁的儿童（10 名发育迟缓，10 名健康）接受了含有 HAMS（每天 10 克）的饼干喂养两周，然后进行两周的洗脱期，然后再接受 HAMSA 饼干（每天 10 克）喂养两周。每隔 3-4 天收集粪便样本，并分析 pH 值和 SCFA。在入组时，与健康儿童相比，发育迟缓儿童的 SCFA 浓度较低。两种类型的 RS 均导致健康和发育迟缓儿童的粪便 pH 值显著降低，粪便乙酸和丙酸增加。然而，HAMS 增加了两组儿童的粪便丁酸，但 HAMSA 仅增加了健康儿童的粪便丁酸。此外，当喂养任何一种 RS 时，健康儿童的乙酸和丁酸的增加量明显大于发育迟缓儿童。两种 RS 均未报告不良反应。发育迟缓儿童发酵某些类型 RS 的能力受损，这对旨在改善发育迟缓儿童微生物功能的配方中 RS 的选择具有影响。
