Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham.
Department of Health Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester.
Sleep. 2020 Apr 15;43(4). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz260.
The objectives of the study were (1) to compare both actigraphy and questionnaire-assessed sleep quality and timing in children with Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) to a chronologically age-matched typically developing (TD) group and (2) to explore associations between age, nocturnal and diurnal sleep quality, and daytime behavior.
Seven nights of actigraphy data were collected from 20 children with SMS (mean age 8.70; SD 2.70) and 20 TD children. Daily parent/teacher ratings of behavior and sleepiness were obtained. Mixed linear modeling was used to explore associations between total sleep time and daytime naps and behavior.
Sleep in children with SMS was characterized by shorter total sleep time (TST), extended night waking, shorter sleep onset, more daytime naps, and earlier morning waking compared to the TD group. Considerable inter-daily and inter-individual variability in sleep quality was found in the SMS group, so caution in generalizing results is required. An expected inverse association between age and TST was found in the TD group, but no significant association was found for the SMS group. No between-group differences in sleep hygiene practices were identified. A bidirectional negative association between TST and nap duration was found for the SMS group. In the SMS group, increased afternoon sleepiness was associated with increased irritability (p = .007) and overactivity (p = .005).
These findings evidence poor sleep quality in SMS and the need to implement evidence-based interventions in this population.
本研究的目的是（1）比较患有 Smith-Magenis 综合征（SMS）的儿童与按年龄匹配的正常发育（TD）组的活动记录仪和问卷调查评估的睡眠质量和时间；（2）探索年龄、夜间和日间睡眠质量与日间行为之间的关联。
从 20 名 SMS 儿童（平均年龄 8.70；SD 2.70）和 20 名 TD 儿童中收集了 7 个晚上的活动记录仪数据。每天收集家长/教师对行为和嗜睡的评分。采用混合线性模型探索总睡眠时间和日间小睡与行为之间的关联。
与 TD 组相比，SMS 组儿童的睡眠特点是总睡眠时间（TST）更短、夜间觉醒时间延长、入睡时间更短、日间小睡更多且早晨醒来时间更早。在 SMS 组中发现睡眠质量存在很大的日间和个体间变异性，因此需要谨慎推广结果。在 TD 组中发现了年龄与 TST 之间的预期负相关，但在 SMS 组中未发现显著关联。在 SMS 组中，未发现睡眠卫生实践方面存在组间差异。发现 SMS 组的 TST 和小睡持续时间之间存在双向负相关。在 SMS 组中，下午嗜睡与易怒（p =.007）和多动（p =.005）呈正相关。
这些发现表明 SMS 睡眠质量较差，需要在该人群中实施基于证据的干预措施。
