Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, UFBA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 23;14(10):e0224245. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224245. eCollection 2019.
An understanding of species' morphological and physiological parameters is crucial to developing conservation strategies for wild animals kept in human care. Detailed information is lacking for crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) eyes and adnexa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe anatomical, histological and computed tomography (CT) features of the eye and adnexa in crab-eating fox, compared to domestic dogs. CT of the eye and adnexa of one live animal and a frozen specimen was performed for anatomical identification. In addition, the heads of five animals of each species were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for gross anatomical description of the eye and adnexa using topographic dissection and exenteration techniques. All steps were photographed and features such as location, shape, and distances and relationships between structures were described. For histological evaluation, two eyes of each species were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed by routine paraffin inclusion technique and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The CT scan was difficult to evaluate, mainly that of the frozen head, which did not provide good definition of the soft tissues; nevertheless, it demonstrated the potential for structure visualization and description. The gross anatomical and histological evaluations showed the presence of eyelashes on the upper eyelid and of upper and lower lacrimal points, an incomplete orbit with supraorbital ligament, slightly exposed sclera with discretely pigmented limbus and pigmentation throughout the conjunctiva, and a slit-shaped pupil. Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated structural similarities between the crab-eating fox and domestic dog. Thus, the possibility of using the domestic dog as a study model for the preventive and therapeutic management of wild dogs kept in human care is demonstrated.
了解物种的形态和生理参数对于制定保护人类照顾的野生动物的策略至关重要。有关食蟹狐（Cerdocyon thous）眼睛和附属物的详细信息尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在描述食蟹狐眼睛和附属物的解剖学、组织学和计算机断层扫描（CT）特征，并与家犬进行比较。对一只活动物和一只冷冻标本的眼睛和附属物进行了 CT 扫描，以便进行解剖学识别。此外，还对每个物种的五只动物的头部进行了固定，以使用拓扑解剖和摘除技术对眼睛和附属物进行大体解剖描述。所有步骤都进行了拍照，并描述了位置、形状以及结构之间的距离和关系等特征。为了进行组织学评估，每个物种的两只眼睛都用 10%缓冲福尔马林固定，通过常规石蜡包埋技术进行处理，并使用苏木精和伊红染色。CT 扫描难以评估，主要是冷冻头部的扫描，因为它不能很好地定义软组织；然而，它展示了可视化和描述结构的潜力。大体解剖和组织学评估显示，上眼睑有睫毛，上、下泪点存在，眼眶不完全，有眶上韧带，巩膜略外露，边缘色素沉着离散，结膜整个区域色素沉着，瞳孔呈狭缝状。苏木精和伊红染色显示食蟹狐和家犬之间存在结构相似性。因此，证明了使用家犬作为模型来研究和管理人类照顾的野生犬的预防性和治疗性管理的可能性。
