Waters Lea, Loton Daniel J, Grace Dawson, Jacques-Hamilton Rowan, Zyphur Michael J
Centre for Positive Psychology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Department of Management and Marketing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2019 Oct 10;10:2273. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02273. eCollection 2019.
The focus of this study was on adolescent mental health. More specifically, the relationship between strength-based parenting (SBP) and subjective wellbeing (SWB) during adolescence was examined at three time points over 14 months ( = 202, = 12.97, = 0.91, 48% female). SBP was positively related to life satisfaction and positive affect at each of the three time points, and was negatively related to negative affect. SBP and SWB both declined significantly over time. When examining the causal relationships between SBP and SWB, two different statistical models were applied: latent growth-curve models (LGM) and random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM). The LGM revealed a strong positive relationship between changes in SBP and SWB. Specifically, this model showed that SBP at one time point predicted adolescent SWB at future time points. However, when the more stringent statistical test was completed through RI-CLPMs, no cross-lagged paths reached significance. Thus, while parenting is a significant predictor of wellbeing for pre-teens and teens in real time, it is not predictive of wellbeing at future time points. Parents, thus, cannot assume that their current levels of SBP are 'banked' by their children to support future wellbeing. Instead, SBP needs to be an ongoing, contemporary parenting practice. Furthermore, the fact that perceptions of SBP decline in this age bracket suggest that SBP interventions may be helpful in supporting adolescent mental health.
本研究的重点是青少年心理健康。更具体地说，在14个月内的三个时间点考察了基于优势的养育方式（SBP）与青少年主观幸福感（SWB）之间的关系（n = 202，M = 12.97，SD = 0.91，48%为女性）。在三个时间点的每一个上，SBP与生活满意度和积极情绪呈正相关，与消极情绪呈负相关。SBP和SWB均随时间显著下降。在考察SBP与SWB之间的因果关系时，应用了两种不同的统计模型：潜在增长曲线模型（LGM）和随机截距交叉滞后面板模型（RI-CLPM）。LGM揭示了SBP变化与SWB之间存在很强的正相关关系。具体而言，该模型表明一个时间点的SBP能够预测未来时间点的青少年SWB。然而，当通过RI-CLPM完成更严格的统计检验时，没有交叉滞后路径达到显著水平。因此，虽然养育方式在当下是儿童和青少年幸福感的重要预测指标，但它并不能预测未来时间点的幸福感。因此，父母不能认为他们当前的SBP水平会被孩子“储存”起来以支持未来的幸福感。相反，SBP需要成为一种持续的、与时俱进的养育方式。此外，在这个年龄段对SBP的认知下降这一事实表明，SBP干预可能有助于支持青少年心理健康。
