Samdal Martin, Eiding Helge, Markengbakken Lars, Røislien Jo, Rehn Marius, Sandberg Mårten
Department of Research, Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway; Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Research, Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway; Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2019 Dec;30(4):351-361. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.06.004. Epub 2019 Oct 22.
Optimal dispatch of emergency medical services relies on accurate time estimates of the various prehospital stages. Hoist rescue work time intervals performed by the search and rescue (SAR) helicopter service in Norway have not been studied to date. We aimed to describe the epidemiologic, operational, and medical aspects of the SAR service in southeast Norway. To complement the prehospital timeline, we performed simulated hoist operations.
We reviewed time and patient descriptors and medical interventions in hoist operations performed at a SAR base over 5 y. In addition, a simulation study measuring hoist rescue time intervals was performed. Data are presented as mean±SD, except National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) scores, which are presented as modes.
There were 148 hoist operations performed during the study period, involving 180 patients. Time to take-off was 13±7 min. There were 88 patients (49%) who were injured; 53 (29%) had a medical condition, and 39 (22%) were evacuees. The mode of the NACA score was 3. Forty-five patients (25%) had an NACA score of 4 to 6. Medical interventions were performed on 77 patients (43%) in 73 operations (49%). Nine patients (5%) were endotracheally intubated, and 1 thoracostomy was performed. The simulated rescuer access time was 4±2 min, the simulated anesthesiologist access time was 6±2 min, and the simulated hoist extrication time was 13±2 min.
Hoist rescue was performed in 10% (n=148) of the SAR operations. New information about hoist extrication time intervals can improve rescue helicopter dispatch accuracy.
紧急医疗服务的优化调度依赖于对各个院前阶段的准确时间估计。挪威搜救直升机服务执行的吊运救援工作时间间隔迄今尚未得到研究。我们旨在描述挪威东南部搜救服务的流行病学、操作和医学方面情况。为补充院前时间线，我们进行了模拟吊运操作。
我们回顾了在一个搜救基地5年间进行的吊运操作中的时间和患者描述以及医疗干预情况。此外，进行了一项测量吊运救援时间间隔的模拟研究。数据以平均值±标准差表示，但美国国家航空咨询委员会（NACA）评分以众数表示。
研究期间共进行了148次吊运操作，涉及180名患者。起飞时间为13±7分钟。有88名患者（49%）受伤；53名（29%）患有疾病，39名（22%）为撤离人员。NACA评分的众数为3。45名患者（25%）的NACA评分为4至6。在73次操作（49%）中的77名患者（43%）身上进行了医疗干预。9名患者（5%）接受了气管插管，进行了1次胸廓造口术。模拟救援人员到达时间为4±2分钟，模拟麻醉医生到达时间为6±2分钟，模拟吊运解救时间为13±2分钟。
在10%（n = 148）的搜救行动中进行了吊运救援。关于吊运解救时间间隔方面的新信息可提高救援直升机调度的准确性。
