University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada.
University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada.
Body Image. 2019 Dec;31:221-244. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.09.001. Epub 2019 Oct 22.
In the mid-1990s, Thomas F. Cash developed the construct of appearance investment and an instrument to measure it, the Appearance Schemas Inventory (ASI). This was followed by a significant revision of this measure, the ASI-R. This instrument distinguished two dimensions to appearance investment, one referring to engagement in behaviours meant to improve appearance esthetics, and one referring to the importance of appearance for self-definition. The construct of appearance investment and its measurement gave rise to a new area of research that widened our understanding of body image beyond the ubiquitous construct of satisfaction. In this paper, we review the literature on appearance investment and offer conclusions based on the different study designs in which either the ASI or ASI-R were used. This is followed by general conclusions about the current state of the research on appearance investment, and future directions to improve our understanding of the factors contributing to the development of excessive investment in appearance.
20 世纪 90 年代中期，托马斯·F·卡什（Thomas F. Cash）提出了外貌投资的概念，并开发了一种衡量外貌投资的工具，即外貌模式量表（Appearanceschemas Inventory，ASI）。随后，对该测量工具进行了重大修订，即 ASI-R。该工具将外貌投资区分成两个维度，一个维度是指为改善外貌美学而进行的行为，另一个维度是指外貌对自我定义的重要性。外貌投资的概念及其测量方法催生了一个新的研究领域，拓宽了我们对身体意象的理解，超越了无处不在的满意度概念。在本文中，我们回顾了关于外貌投资的文献，并根据使用 ASI 或 ASI-R 的不同研究设计得出结论。接着，我们对当前外貌投资研究的现状进行了总结，并提出了未来的研究方向，以增进我们对外貌过度投资的发展因素的理解。
