Cash Thomas F, Melnyk Susan E, Hrabosky Joshua I
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529-0267, USA.
Int J Eat Disord. 2004 Apr;35(3):305-16. doi: 10.1002/eat.10264.
The Appearance Schemas Inventory (ASI) is a 14-item instrument that assesses body image investment in relation to certain beliefs or assumptions about the importance, meaning, and influence of appearance in one's life. Despite empirical support of the ASI, critical examination evinces several limitations of this assessment. These problems entail the inclusion of explicitly self-evaluative items and social stereotypes, few behavioral items, and a repeated failure to find expected gender differences on the ASI.
We initially constructed a 45-item measure (40 new items plus 5 original items) and administered it, along with the original ASI and other validational assessments, to 603 college students (468 women and 135 men).
The end result was a 20-item revision of the inventory (ASI-R), which included two factors: Self-Evaluative Salience and Motivational Salience. For both genders, the composite ASI-R and its two factors had high internal consistency and were significantly convergent with other pertinent measures of body image and psychosocial functioning. The ASI-R and its two subscales showed significant gender differences, whereas the original ASI did not. We also examined racial differences on the ASI-R, its correlations with body mass, and its unique contribution to the prediction of disturbed eating attitudes.
We offer this measure as an improved, psychometrically sound replacement for the ASI.
外表图式量表（ASI）是一个包含14个条目的工具，用于评估与某些关于外表在一个人的生活中的重要性、意义和影响的信念或假设相关的身体意象投入。尽管ASI得到了实证支持，但批判性审视表明该评估存在若干局限性。这些问题包括纳入了明确的自我评估条目和社会刻板印象、行为条目较少，以及在ASI上反复未能发现预期的性别差异。
我们最初构建了一个包含45个条目的量表（40个新条目加5个原始条目），并将其与原始的ASI及其他验证性评估一起施测于603名大学生（468名女性和135名男性）。
最终得到了一个对该量表的20条目修订版（ASI-R），它包括两个因子：自我评估显著性和动机显著性。对于男女两性而言，综合的ASI-R及其两个因子都具有较高的内部一致性，并且与身体意象和心理社会功能的其他相关测量显著收敛。ASI-R及其两个子量表显示出显著的性别差异，而原始的ASI则没有。我们还考察了ASI-R上的种族差异、它与体重的相关性，以及它对紊乱饮食态度预测的独特贡献。
我们提供这个量表作为对ASI的一个经过改进、心理测量学上合理的替代工具。
