Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Torino, Via Po, 14, 10123, Turin, Italy.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2019 Dec;26(6):1747-1766. doi: 10.3758/s13423-019-01674-x.
This review aims at exploring the role of the body and its sensorimotor processes in memory. Recent theories have suggested that memories can profitably be seen as mental simulations consisting in the reactivation of sensorimotor patterns originally associated with events at encoding, rather than amodal mental representations. The sensorimotor model of memory (SMM) claims that the body is the medium where (and through which) sensorimotor modalities actually simulate the somatosensory components of remembered events, and predicts that memory processes can be manipulated through manipulation of the body. The review analyzes experimental evidence in favor of the SMM and the claim that the body is at stake in memory processes. The review then highlights how, at the current state of research, the majority of this evidence concerns the effect of body manipulations on memory processes rather than memory representations. It considers the need for a more circumstantial outline of the actual extent to which the body is capable of affecting memory, specifically on some important areas still unexplored, such as the sense of recollection. Resulting strengths and limitations of the SMM are discussed in relation to the more general debate on the embodied cognition.
本综述旨在探讨身体及其感觉运动过程在记忆中的作用。最近的理论表明，记忆可以被视为心理模拟，包括重新激活与编码时事件相关的感觉运动模式，而不是无模态的心理表征。记忆的感觉运动模型（SMM）声称，身体是（并通过它）感觉运动模式实际模拟记忆事件的躯体感觉成分的媒介，并预测记忆过程可以通过对身体的操纵来操纵。本综述分析了支持 SMM 的实验证据以及身体在记忆过程中处于关键地位的说法。然后，本综述强调了在研究的当前状态下，大多数此类证据都涉及身体操纵对记忆过程的影响，而不是记忆表征。它考虑了更详细地描述身体实际能够影响记忆的程度的必要性，特别是在一些尚未探索的重要领域，例如回忆感。然后，根据更广泛的具身认知辩论，讨论了 SMM 的优势和局限性。
