Ostholm T, Ekström P, Bruun A, van Veen T
Department of Zoology, University of Lund, Sweden.
Brain Res. 1988 Jul 1;470(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(88)90197-6.
The development of photoreceptors and two putative neurotransmitter systems in the pineal organ and retina was studied during embryogenesis in the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. The investigation was performed by aid of immunocytochemistry using well characterized antisera to the retinal proteins alpha-transducin (TD alpha) and S-antigen (SA) (photoreceptor-markers), antisera against L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), choline-O-acetyltransferase (ChAT) and with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry (neurotransmitter-markers). It was possible to set up the following developmental time-table concerning the first appearance of positive immuno- and enzyme-reactive cells in the pineal organ and retina: I AChE-activity and TD alpha- and SA-immunoreactive cells in the pineal organ; II GAD- and GABA-immunoreactive cells in the pineal organ and retina; ChAT immunoreactivity and AChE activity in the retina; III hatching; IV SA-immunoreactive cells in the retina. The obtained results provide good evidence that while photoreceptor cells develop much earlier in the pineal organ than in the retina, neurons develop simultaneously in the pineal organ and retina.
在三刺鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus L.）胚胎发育过程中，研究了松果体器官和视网膜中光感受器以及两种假定的神经递质系统的发育情况。借助免疫细胞化学技术进行了该项研究，使用了针对视网膜蛋白α - 转导蛋白（TDα）和S - 抗原（SA）（光感受器标记物）的特征明确的抗血清，针对L - 谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）、γ - 氨基丁酸（GABA）、胆碱 - O - 乙酰转移酶（ChAT）的抗血清以及乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）组织化学方法（神经递质标记物）。可以建立如下关于松果体器官和视网膜中首次出现阳性免疫反应和酶反应细胞的发育时间表：I松果体器官中的AChE活性以及TDα和SA免疫反应性细胞；II松果体器官和视网膜中的GAD和GABA免疫反应性细胞；视网膜中的ChAT免疫反应性和AChE活性；III孵化；IV视网膜中的SA免疫反应性细胞。所获得的结果提供了充分的证据，表明虽然光感受器细胞在松果体器官中的发育比在视网膜中早得多，但神经元在松果体器官和视网膜中同时发育。
