Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; National Addiction Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Lancet. 2019 Oct 26;394(10208):1580-1590. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31789-1. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
We assess the current and describe possible future public health impacts of the legalisation of cannabis production, sale, and use in the Americas. First, we describe global patterns of cannabis use and their most probable adverse health effects. Second, we summarise evidence regarding the effectiveness of cannabinoids for medicinal use and describe approaches that have been used to regulate the use of medicinal cannabis and how these approaches might have affected medicinal and recreational use and harms (eg, road crashes). Third, we describe how jurisdictions that have legalised recreational use have regulated production and sale of cannabis. Fourth, we evaluate the effects of cannabis legalisation on cannabis use and harms and on the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. Fifth, we use alcohol and tobacco policy examples to identify possible long-term public health effects of cannabis legalisation. Finally, we outline policy approaches that could minimise harms to public health arising from the legalisation of a commercial cannabis industry.
我们评估了大麻在美洲地区合法化对当前和未来公共卫生的影响。首先，我们描述了全球范围内大麻使用的模式及其最可能产生的不良健康影响。其次，我们总结了有关大麻素用于医疗用途的有效性的证据，并描述了监管医用大麻使用的方法，以及这些方法如何影响医用和娱乐用大麻的使用和危害（例如，道路交通事故）。第三，我们描述了已经使娱乐用途合法化的司法管辖区如何监管大麻的生产和销售。第四，我们评估了大麻合法化对大麻使用和危害以及对酒精、烟草和其他药物使用的影响。第五，我们使用酒精和烟草政策的例子来确定大麻合法化可能对公共卫生产生的长期影响。最后，我们概述了可能减少商业大麻合法化对公共健康造成危害的政策方法。
