Sorkhou Maryam, Johnstone Samantha, Weinberger Andrea H, Cooper Ziva D, Sanches Marcos, Castle David J, Hall Wayne, Rabin Rachel A, Hammond David, George Tony P
Institute for Mental Health and Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.
Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto.
Cannabis. 2024 Dec 12;7(3):1-13. doi: 10.26828/cannabis/2024/000238. eCollection 2024.
Since the federal Canadian government legalized cannabis in 2018, cannabis use in the general population has slightly increased. However, little is known about the impact of cannabis legalization on pattens of cannabis use in psychiatric populations.
We studied changes in daily/almost daily and average 30-day cannabis use amongst individuals currently using cannabis who reported past 12-month experiences of specific mental health disorders and among those without past 12-month experiences of any mental health disorder before and after Canadian legalization of recreational cannabis use ( = 13,527). Data came from Canadian respondents in Wave 1 (August-October 2018), Wave 2 (September-October 2019), and Wave 3 (September-November 2020) of the International Cannabis Policy Study (ICPS).
After adjustment for covariates, among individuals currently using cannabis, the odds of using cannabis daily/almost daily increased only in individuals with schizophrenia between Wave 1 and Waves 3 (OR = 9.19, 95% CI: 2.46 - 34.37). Similarly, significant increases in average 30-day cannabis use between Wave 1 ( = 12.80, = 1.65) and Wave 3 ( = 18.07, = 1.03) were observed only among individuals with schizophrenia, (1,2) = 4.58, < .05. No significant changes in daily/almost daily or average past 30-day cannabis use were observed in those without mental health problems or those reporting anxiety, depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, or substance use disorders.
Since legalization, cannabis use has significantly increased only among people with schizophrenia, highlighting the need for targeted public health prevention programs.
自2018年加拿大联邦政府将大麻合法化以来，普通人群中大麻的使用略有增加。然而，大麻合法化对精神病患者群体中大麻使用模式的影响却鲜为人知。
我们研究了在加拿大娱乐用大麻合法化前后，目前使用大麻且报告过去12个月有特定心理健康障碍经历的个体以及没有过去12个月任何心理健康障碍经历的个体中，每日/几乎每日使用大麻和30天平均大麻使用量的变化（n = 13527）。数据来自国际大麻政策研究（ICPS）第1波（2018年8月至10月）、第2波（2019年9月至10月）和第3波（2020年9月至11月）的加拿大受访者。
在对协变量进行调整后，在目前使用大麻的个体中，仅在第1波和第3波之间，精神分裂症患者每日/几乎每日使用大麻的几率增加（OR = 9.19，95%CI：2.46 - 34.37）。同样，仅在精神分裂症患者中观察到第1波（M = 12.80，SD = 1.65）和第3波（M = 18.07，SD = 1.03）之间30天平均大麻使用量有显著增加，F(1,2) = 4.58，p <.05。在没有心理健康问题或报告有焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、双相情感障碍或物质使用障碍的个体中，未观察到每日/几乎每日或过去30天平均大麻使用量有显著变化。
自合法化以来，大麻使用仅在精神分裂症患者中显著增加，这凸显了针对性公共卫生预防项目的必要性。
