Lexén Annika, Emmelin Maria, Hansson Lars, Bejerholm Ulrika
Lund University, Department of Health Sciences/Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, Lund, Sweden.
Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Social Medicine and Global Health, Malmö, Sweden.
Work. 2019;64(3):495-506. doi: 10.3233/WOR-193011.
Research is needed on how to optimize the return-to-work process for persons with mental health problems.
To develop a model that explains how employer and rehabilitation professional mental health literacy may influence strategies used in the return-to-work of persons with mental health problems.
A grounded theory study design was used to collect and analyse interview data from 23 employers and 22 rehabilitation professionals.
The analysis resulted in four categories, illustrated in a conceptual process model: 1) seeing mental health problems through past experiences; 2) separating understandable and incomprehensible mental health problems; 3) balancing safeguarding one's personal interest with providing adequate support; and 4) facing conflicts and uncertainty in employee/service user return-to-work. A positional map of employer/rehabilitation types was created based on level of negative attitudes and uncertainty in supporting employees/service users and the employer in relation to the level of comprehensive understanding of mental health problems.
Professional mental health literacy needs to be increased. Interventions need to be developed that provide employers with targeted support and knowledge in mental health literacy. Education on how to prevent and detect common mental health problems in the workplace is needed.
需要开展关于如何优化有心理健康问题者重返工作岗位流程的研究。
构建一个模型,用以解释雇主和康复专业人员的心理健康素养如何影响有心理健康问题者重返工作岗位时所采用的策略。
采用扎根理论研究设计,收集并分析来自23名雇主和22名康复专业人员的访谈数据。
分析得出四个类别,并在一个概念流程模型中进行了阐释:1)通过过往经历看待心理健康问题;2)区分可理解和不可理解的心理健康问题;3)在维护个人利益与提供充分支持之间取得平衡;4)面对员工/服务对象重返工作岗位时的冲突和不确定性。基于支持员工/服务对象时的负面态度和不确定性程度以及雇主对心理健康问题的综合理解程度,绘制了雇主/康复类型的定位图。
需要提高专业心理健康素养。需要制定干预措施,为雇主提供心理健康素养方面的针对性支持和知识。需要开展关于如何预防和检测工作场所常见心理健康问题的教育。