Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
FEBS J. 2019 Nov;286(22):4378-4401. doi: 10.1111/febs.15103. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
Mitochondria are as highly specialized organelles and masters of the cellular energy metabolism in a constant and dynamic interplay with their cellular environment, providing adenosine triphosphate, buffering Ca and fundamentally contributing to various signaling pathways. Hence, such broad field of action within eukaryotic cells requires a high level of structural and functional adaptation. Therefore, mitochondria are constantly moving and undergoing fusion and fission processes, changing their shape and their interaction with other organelles. Moreover, mitochondrial activity gets fine-tuned by intra- and interorganelle H , K , Na , and Ca signaling. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview on mitochondrial strategies to adapt and respond to, as well as affect, their cellular environment. We also present cutting-edge technologies used to track and investigate subcellular signaling, essential to the understanding of various physiological and pathophysiological processes.
线粒体是高度特化的细胞器，是细胞能量代谢的大师，与细胞环境不断进行动态相互作用，提供三磷酸腺苷，缓冲钙，并从根本上为各种信号通路做出贡献。因此，真核细胞中如此广泛的作用领域需要高水平的结构和功能适应性。因此，线粒体不断运动，并经历融合和裂变过程，改变其形状及其与其他细胞器的相互作用。此外，线粒体活性通过细胞器内和细胞器间的 H 、 K 、 Na 和 Ca 信号进行微调。在这篇综述中，我们提供了线粒体适应和应对以及影响其细胞环境的最新策略概述。我们还介绍了用于跟踪和研究亚细胞信号的前沿技术，这对于理解各种生理和病理生理过程至关重要。
